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52例儿童诺如病毒性腹泻病原学与临床特征研究

发布时间:2018-03-21 14:13

  本文选题:病毒性腹泻 切入点:诺如病毒 出处:《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:目的:本研究旨在探讨儿童诺如病毒性腹泻的病原学特征。分析诺如病毒的分子生物学特点。了解诺如病毒性腹泻的主要临床特征。为儿童诺如病毒感染的预防、治疗提供科学依据。 方法:收集2013年1月~2014年1月在长春市儿童医院住院的病毒性腹泻患儿的粪便标本,Trizol法提取病毒RNA,采用引物P289/290进行逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测诺如病毒。选取部分阳性标本扩增产物进行测序,将测序结果在Blast中查对,使用软件Clustal W进行多序列对比,DNAMAN进行核苷酸序列同源性分析,并用MEGA6.0绘制系统进化树。同时分析患者的临床资料,应用软件SPSS17.0进行统计学分析。 结果:2013年1月~2014年1月,共收集长春市儿童医院病毒性腹泻患儿粪便标本311例,诺如病毒阳性共有52例,检出率为16.72%(52/311)。对其中9株进行测序,5株成功。序列分析结果表明5株均为GⅡ组,4株为GⅡ.4型,与日本Sakai高度同源;1株为GⅡ.6型,与日本Saitama、Ehime同源性较高。诺如病毒性腹泻每月均有发病,季节性差异不明显。性别分布男女之比为1.08:1,无明显性别差异。1岁以内诺如病毒检出率最高,,为32.35%(33/102),高于1岁以上年龄组。临床表现主要为腹泻,占100%(52/52);其他症状有呕吐61.54%(32/52);发热69.23%(36/52);严重者可出现脱水症状,占48.08%(25/52)。诺如病毒感染可累及多器官,伴有呼吸道感染者占48.08%(25/52),伴心肌损害占44.23%(23/52)。所有患儿经对症治疗,治愈出院占38.46%(20/52),好转出院占61.54%(32/52),平均住院为5.5±1.45天。 结论:1.诺如病毒是引起儿童病毒性腹泻的重要病原之一。2.诺如病毒感染呈现基因多样性特征,GⅡ.4为本研究检出主要基因型,GⅡ.6在长春地区首次被检出。3.感染以1岁以内居多。4.临床表现为腹泻、发热、呕吐,可累及其他系统,治疗上以对症为主。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the etiological characteristics of norovirus diarrhea in children, to analyze the molecular biological characteristics of norovirus, to understand the main clinical features of norovirus diarrhea and to prevent the infection of norovirus in children. Treatment provides scientific basis. Methods: from January 2013 to January 2014, fecal samples of children with viral diarrhea in Changchun Children's Hospital were collected to extract viral RNAs by Trizol method. Primer P289 / 290 was used to detect Norovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The amplification products of some positive specimens were sequenced. The results of sequencing were checked in Blast, the homology of nucleotide sequence was analyzed by Clustal W, and the phylogenetic tree was plotted by MEGA6.0. The clinical data of patients were analyzed, and the statistical analysis was carried out by using the software SPSS17.0. Results: from January 2013 to January 2014, stool specimens of children with viral diarrhea in Changchun Children's Hospital were collected. The detection rate was 16.72 / 3110.The results showed that 5 of the 5 strains were G 鈪

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