儿童与成人过敏性紫癜临床特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-22 05:34

本文选题：过敏性紫癜　切入点：临床表现　出处：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:总结及分析过敏性紫癜的临床特点,并进一步加强对该病的认识了解。方法:收集兰州大学第二临床医院皮肤科在2011年3月到2015年12月之间的住院过敏性紫癜患者,共140例。根据每个患者情况,制作患者的一般信息登记表,收集患者的资料,包括患者姓名、年龄、籍贯、民族、首发症状、病程、临床特点、合并症及实验室检查等,将收集的资料进行统计分析。结果:140例患者中有78例为男性患者,62例为女性患者,男性患者占总人数的比率为55.71%,女性患者占总人数的比率为44.29%,男女患者之比为1.26:1,平均年龄为17.35±12.66岁。其中53例患者为春季发病,占总人数的37.86%,27例患者为夏季发病,占总人数的19.29%,29例患者为秋季发病,占总人数的27.86%,21例患者为冬季发病,占总人数的15%;140例患者中,其中共有109例患者的年龄小于20岁,占总人数的77.86%,共31位患者的年龄大于或等于20岁,占总人数的22.14%;关节疼痛的患者共47例,发生率为33.6%;腹痛的患者共45例,发生率为32.9%;肾脏损害的患者57例,发生率为40.7%。消化系统损害的患者共57例,发生率为40.7%;成人和儿童之间的性别差异进行统计学分析,发现其无统计学意义(χ2=0.271,P=0.602)。过敏性紫癜的发病的季节以春季和秋季为多,分别占37.86%和27.86%,儿童患者春季多见,构成比为39.45%,成人则秋季多见,为41.94%,但在不同的两组之间无统计学差异(χ2=5.102,P=0.164)。在儿童和成人中,感染都是本病的最主要诱发因素,构成比分别为63.30%和48.39%,不同年龄组之间在诱因方面无统计学差异(χ2=4.240,P=0.237)。其中儿童患者肾型过敏性紫癜的比例较低9例(8.26%),相比成人患者7例(22.58%),不同年龄组之间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.892,P=0.027)。成人患者肾脏损害的比例较高17例(50.84%),但两组患者在系统损害及其各成分之间均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:(1)皮肤科住院患者中儿童和成人过敏性紫癜在人口学特征方面无明显差异。(2)皮肤科住院患者中儿童和成人过敏性紫癜在病因学特征方面无明显差异。(3)皮肤科住院患者中成人过敏性紫癜患者的病情严重程度重于儿童患者,主要在肾脏损害方面。
[Abstract]:Objective: to summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (Hpura) and to further strengthen the understanding of the disease. Methods: the hospitalized patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura from March 2011 to December 2015 were collected from the Department of Dermatology of the second Clinical Hospital of Lanzhou University. A total of 140 cases. According to each patient's situation, the general information registration form was made and the data of the patients were collected, including patient name, age, origin, nationality, initial symptoms, course of disease, clinical characteristics, complications and laboratory examinations, etc. The data collected were statistically analyzed. Results 78 out of 140 patients were male and 62 were female. The ratio of male to total was 55.71 and that of female to total was 44.29. The ratio of male to female was 1.26: 1, with an average age of 17.35 卤12.66 years. Of the total number of 19. 29m patients, 29 patients were diagnosed in autumn, 21 patients were diagnosed in winter, and 109 patients were younger than 20 years of age out of 15 140 patients. The total number of patients was 77.86. The age of 31 patients was over 20 years old, accounting for 22.14 percent of the total; there were 47 patients with joint pain, with an incidence of 33.6; 45 patients with abdominal pain, with an incidence of 32.9 percent; and 57 patients with kidney damage. The incidence rate was 40.7.The incidence rate of digestive system damage was 40.70.The sex difference between adults and children was statistically analyzed and no statistical significance was found (蠂 2 / 0.271). The incidence of anaphylactoid purpura was more frequent in spring and autumn. The proportion of children was 37.86% and 27.86%, respectively. The proportion of children and adults was 39.45% in spring and 41.94% in adults in autumn, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups (蠂 2 5.102%, P < 0.164). In children and adults, infection was the main predisposing factor of the disease. The constituent ratios were 63.30% and 48.39%, respectively. There was no significant difference in inducement among different age groups (蠂 2 / 4.240). The proportion of renal type allergic purpura in children was lower in 9 cases than that in adult patients (7 cases, 22.58%), and there were significant differences among different age groups. The incidence of renal damage in adult patients was higher than that in adult patients (50.84%), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the system damage and its components (P 0.05). Conclusion: in the hospitalized dermatology patients, the incidence of allergic purpura in children and adults was higher than that in adults (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the system damage and its components. Conclusion: 1) Children and adults with anaphylactoid purpura in the dermatology department. There was no significant difference in the etiological characteristics between children and adults with anaphylactoid purpura in dermatology. 2) there was no significant difference in etiological characteristics between children and adults in dermatology. 3) the severity of disease in adult patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura in dermatology was more serious than that in children. Mainly in kidney damage.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R554.6;R725.5

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