沈阳市新生儿发育状况及影响因素调查分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 10:53

  本文选题：新生儿　切入点：发育状况　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：【目的】了解新生儿的健康状况，掌握新生儿常见疾病的发病率、新生儿死亡率、死亡原因及其影响因素。获得沈阳市目前新生儿发育状况及影响因素,为今后开展早产、低体重等常见新生儿疾病的病因学研究奠定基础。 【方法】以人群为基础整群分层抽样横断面调查沈阳市2010年10月1日至2011年9月30日出生的6162例新生儿发育状况及影响因素。 【结果】本研究共调查6162名新生儿，男女比为：1.073:1。分娩方式中剖宫产发生率较高，达到69.96%；沈阳市新生儿出生平均体重为3399.24±459.69g；男婴高于女婴，，统计学有差异；不同胎龄新生儿的出生体重增长值比较无显著性差异。但身长增长值有显著性差异；不同性别婴儿出生身长值无显著性差异。相同胎龄组不同性别婴儿的出生身长均值比较无显著性差异。产妇年龄与新生儿的出生体重成正态曲线关系。母亲孕期体重增加与婴儿出生体重呈正相关。早产儿占5.37%,过期产儿占0.7%，低出生体重发生率为3.55%，小于胎龄儿的发生率为0.75%，极低体重发生率0.13%，巨大儿的发生率为10.68%。在小于37周胎龄儿中，低出生体重发生率为54.98%，小于胎龄儿的发生率为2.72%。新生儿生后疾病以呼吸系统疾病最多，其中新生儿肺炎占首位。其次是神经系统疾病。新生儿死亡率为3.8‰，新生儿第一位死因是早产低体重，其次是先天异常。母乳喂养为新生儿的主要喂养方式，占新生儿的92.99%,其次为混合喂养。 【结论】1.沈阳市出生婴儿男女比例失衡，男婴高于女婴；2.沈阳市新生儿剖宫产率较高，不受性别影响；3.婴儿平均出生体重和身长符合常态，男婴体重和身长均略高于女婴；4.早产儿低出生体重的发生率高于足月儿；5.低出生体重儿在新生儿期就出现追赶增长趋势，体重、身高增长值均大于其他婴儿；6.母亲受孕年龄、孕周、孕期体重增加情况及不良生活嗜好均与新生儿的出生体重有关；7.新生儿肺炎是新生儿期最常见的疾病；8.新生儿死亡率为3.8‰，早产和低出生体重仍然是最主要新生儿死亡原因。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the health status of newborns, understand the incidence of common diseases of newborns, neonatal mortality, causes of death and their influencing factors. The etiology of common neonatal diseases, such as low body weight, lays the foundation. [methods] A cross-sectional survey of 6162 newborns born in Shenyang from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011 was conducted with cluster stratified sampling based on population. [results] A total of 6162 newborns were investigated in this study, the ratio of male to female was 1.0 73: 1.The incidence of cesarean section was higher in the mode of delivery, reaching 69.96, the average birth weight of newborn in Shenyang was 3399.24 卤459.69 g, the ratio of male to female was higher than that of female, the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in birth weight growth value among newborns of different gestational ages, but there was significant difference in body length growth value. There was no significant difference in birth body length between different genders. There was no significant difference in the mean of birth body length between different genders in the same gestational age group. The relationship between maternal age and newborn birth weight was normal. There was a positive correlation between weight gain and birth weight. Premature infants accounted for 5.37%, expired infants for 0.7, low birth weight for 3.55, smaller than gestational age for 0.75, very low body weight for 0.13, macrosomia for 10.68. The incidence of low birth weight was 54.98, and that of infants smaller than gestational age was 2.72.Respiratory diseases were the most common in postnatal neonates, among which neonatal pneumonia was the first, followed by nervous system diseases. The neonatal mortality rate was 3.8 鈥

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