儿童肾瘢痕形成的危险因素

发布时间：2018-04-23 23:22

本文选题：肾瘢痕 + 危险因素　；参考：《临床儿科杂志》2017年09期

【摘要】：肾瘢痕可导致高血压、蛋白尿、慢性肾脏病、甚至终末期肾病的可能。研究儿童肾瘢痕形成的危险因素,有利于早发现、早诊断、早预防、早治疗。高级别的膀胱输尿管反流,反复的泌尿道感染,以及延误治疗都是肾瘢痕形成的危险因素。但是仍有一些因素,如性别和年龄,先天性因素与肾瘢痕的关系目前仍存在争议。近年研究发现,尿液无创指标,如尿中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白、尿内皮素-1及风险预测模型均可预测肾瘢痕的形成,而预防应用抗生素虽可减少泌尿道感染的发生,但并不能降低肾瘢痕形成的风险。文章综述了儿童肾瘢痕形成的可能危险因素和预测指标,为临床对肾瘢痕的早期发现、及时干预和有效预防提供依据,以期减少肾瘢痕的形成和进展。
[Abstract]:Scarring can lead to hypertension, proteinuria, chronic kidney disease, and even end-stage kidney disease. To study the risk factors of renal scar formation in children is beneficial to early detection, early diagnosis, early prevention and early treatment. High-grade bladder-ureter reflux, recurrent urinary tract infections, and delayed treatment are risk factors for renal scarring. However, there are still some factors, such as sex and age, congenital factors and renal scar is still controversial. Recent studies have found that urinary noninvasive indicators, such as urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipid carrier protein, urinary endothelin-1 and risk prediction models, can predict the formation of renal scar, and that the prophylactic use of antibiotics can reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection. But it does not reduce the risk of scarring in the kidneys. The possible risk factors and predictors of renal scar formation in children were reviewed in order to provide evidence for early detection, timely intervention and effective prevention of renal scar in order to reduce the formation and progress of renal scar.
【作者单位】：复旦大学附属儿科医院肾脏科上海市肾脏发育和儿童肾脏病研究中心;
【分类号】：R726.9

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