23372例儿科呼吸系统疾病住院患者疾病谱的调查分析

发布时间：2018-04-29 04:32

本文选题：儿科 + 呼吸系统疾病　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究背景：呼吸系统疾病是儿科的多发病，，也是儿科住院患儿就诊的首位疾病。轻者影响小儿的生活和学习，重者可能发展为重症肺炎、急性呼吸衰竭等，严重危害小儿的身心健康和发育。现今呼吸系统疾病已成为儿童最常见、患病率最高、甚至危及生命的重要疾病。目的：探讨儿科住院患者疾病谱的特征及其分布规律，为医院的科学管理和卫生服务的方向及重点提供参考依据，同时也可供卫生行政部门制定卫生政策以及临床医务人员在进行疾病防治和临床科研选题时作为参考。方法：采用回顾性资料分析法对我院儿内科在2005年~2011年期间收治的23372例呼吸系统疾病住院患者相关资料进行统计分析。结果：（1）本次调查我院儿内科2005年～2011年期间收治的呼吸系统疾病住院患儿中，男性构成均高于女性，男:女为1.73～1.90:1。（2）住院患儿中主要以幼儿和婴儿居多，分别占了整个呼吸系统疾病住院患儿的38.79%、33.96%。（3）婴儿呼吸系统疾病中占首位的是毛细支气管炎4156例，占该组疾病的52.37%；第2位是肺炎3018例，占该组疾病的38.03%；幼儿、学龄前期、学龄期呼吸系统疾病中占首位的均是肺炎，分别占该组疾病的61.48%、61.09%及57.84%；幼儿组第2位的是急性支气管炎1150例，占该组疾病的12.69%；学龄前期及学龄期组排第2位均是急性上呼吸道感染，分别占该组疾病的16.94%及23.85%；哮喘在学龄前期及学龄期儿童中均排到第4位，分别占该组疾病的7.79%及6.46%。(4)儿科呼吸系统疾病住院患儿例数呈逐年增长的趋势，且城市多于农村。(5)小儿呼吸系统疾病住院患儿多见于冬、春季节。结论：1.我院儿内科呼吸系统疾病住院患儿中婴儿和幼儿为两个高发年龄段，呼吸系统疾病冬、春易见。2.我院儿内科呼吸系统疾病住院患儿病种中，肺炎所占比例排首位。3.我院儿内科呼吸系统疾病住院人数逐年增多，呈上升趋势，但各年度疾病谱构成相对稳定。
[Abstract]:Background: respiratory system disease is a frequent disease in pediatrics and the first disease of pediatric hospitalized children. The light person affects the child's life and study, the heavy person may develop into the severe pneumonia, the acute respiratory failure and so on, seriously endangers the child's physical and mental health and the development. Nowadays, respiratory diseases have become the most common, the highest prevalence and even life-threatening diseases in children. Objective: to explore the characteristics and distribution of disease spectrum of pediatric inpatients, and to provide reference for the direction and emphasis of scientific management and health service in hospital. At the same time, it can also be used as a reference for health administrative departments to formulate health policies and for clinical medical staff to select topics for disease prevention and clinical research. Methods: the data of 23372 inpatients with respiratory diseases from 2005 to 2011 were analyzed by retrospective data analysis. Results (1) the composition of male was higher than that of female in pediatric department of pediatric medicine from 2005 to 2011. Male: female was 1.73 to 1.90: 1.2) the majority of hospitalized children were infants and infants. Accounting for 38.79% of the hospitalized children with respiratory diseases, respectively, the number of infants with respiratory diseases is 4156 cases of bronchiolitis, accounting for 52.37% of the diseases in this group; the second place is 3018 cases of pneumonia, accounting for 38.03% of the diseases in this group; and the number of infants in pre-school age is 38.03%. Pneumonia accounted for 61.48% and 57.84% of all respiratory diseases in school age, and 1150 cases of acute bronchitis were in the second place in the infant group. The second place in preschool and school-age group was acute upper respiratory tract infection, which accounted for 16.94% and 23.85% of the disease respectively. Asthma ranked fourth in preschool and school-age children. The number of hospitalized children with pediatric respiratory diseases showed an increasing trend year by year, and the number of hospitalized children with respiratory diseases in urban areas was more than that in rural areas (7.79% and 6.46% respectively). Conclusion 1. In our hospital, there are two high incidence age groups of infants and infants with respiratory diseases in our hospital, respiratory diseases are winter, spring is easy to see. 2. 2. The proportion of pneumonia was the first. 3 in the hospitalized children with pediatric respiratory diseases in our hospital. The number of inpatients with respiratory diseases in our hospital increased year by year, but the composition of disease spectrum in each year was relatively stable.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R725.6

【引证文献】