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儿童狼疮性肾炎临床表现与肾脏病理相关性:附41例临床分析

发布时间:2018-05-10 21:07

  本文选题:狼疮性肾炎 + 儿童 ; 参考:《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文


【摘要】:目的: 探讨狼疮性肾炎(LN)患儿临床表现与肾脏病理的相关性,为临床治疗提供理论依据。 方法: 选取2006年1月至2014年12月吉林大学第一医院小儿肾病科住院治疗并行肾穿刺活检的41例LN患儿为研究对象,通过回顾性分析,对其临床表现、肾脏病理、治疗反应等进行统计。 结果: (1)本研究共41例患儿,其中男8例,女33例,男女之比为1:4.1。年龄8~15岁,平均年龄为11.2±1.7,其中8岁2例,9岁3例,10岁13例,11岁4例,12岁9例,13岁6例,14岁3例,15岁1例,不同性别与病理分型的比较无统计学意义(x2=5.242,P=0.263),各年龄段与肾脏病理分级无相关性(P=0.147)。 (2)41例LN患儿首发症状中腹痛1例,皮疹21例,浮肿18例,血尿13例,蛋白尿14例,发热16例,关节肿痛6例,头痛4例。其中发热最常见为26例(63.4%),其次皮疹20例(48.8%),浆膜炎、关节肿痛均为14例(34.1%),水肿22例(53.7%),口腔溃疡17例(41.5%),贫血25例(60.9%),血小板减少6例(14.6%),神经系统7例(17.1%),脱发17例(41.5%)。 (3)Ⅱ级3例(7.3%),Ⅲ级7例(17.0%),Ⅳ级29例(70.3%),Ⅴ级1例(2.4%),Ⅳ㧏Ⅴ级1例(2.4%),其中以Ⅳ级最多见。 (4)本资料中41例LN患儿肾脏病理的免疫荧光检查结果为:IgA沉积所占例数为39例(95.1%),IgM为39例(95.1%),IgG为31例(75.6%),C3为31例(75.6%),C1q为39例(95.1%),F为38例(92.7%);其中有31例(75.6%)全部出现免疫荧光阳性沉积。41例LN患儿免疫复合物IgA、IgM、C1q、F沉积例数最多比例均为95.1%,其次为IgG、C3为75.6%。免疫复合物沉积的类型中IgA、IgM、IgG、C1q、F与肾脏病理分型的比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=10.212,,P=0.037x2=9.391,P=0.042,x2=13.543,P=0.009),提示LN存在多种免疫复合物沉积。 (5)孤立性蛋白尿型6例(14.6%),急性肾炎型21例(51.2%),肾病综合征型13例(31.7%),亚临床型1例(2.4%)。 (6)轻度蛋白尿组5例(12.2%),中度蛋白尿组11例(26.8%),重度蛋白尿组25例(61.0%),其中重度蛋白尿组中有19例为病理分级Ⅳ级,中重度蛋白尿组临床分型中以肾病综合征为主,急性肾炎次之。不同尿蛋白定量与病理分型间比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=12.407, P=0.015)。 (7)本资料SLEDAI评分中:轻度活动为2例;中度活动8例;重度活动为31例,其中24例重度评分肾脏病理损伤为Ⅳ级;肾脏病理评分中平均分数为7.7±3.3,以病理分级Ⅳ级为主。不同病理分型间SLE活动性评分的比较,差异有统计学意义(F=13.080,P=0.011)。 结论: 1. LN的临床分型与肾脏病理损伤程度不平行。 2. LN临床表现、性别、年龄与肾脏病理分级无相关性。 3.尿蛋白定量与肾脏病理损伤程度相关。 4. LN存在多种免疫复合物沉积,与肾脏损伤程度相关。 5. SLE的活动性与肾脏损伤程度相关。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the correlation between the clinical manifestations and renal pathology in children with lupus nephritis (LN) and to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2014, 41 children with LN who were hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Renal biopsy in the first Hospital of Jilin University were selected as study objects. The clinical manifestations, renal pathology and therapeutic response were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In this study, there were 41 children, including 8 males and 33 females, the ratio of male to female was 1: 4.1. The average age was 11.2 卤1.7 years old. Among them, 2 cases were 8 years old, 9 years old, 3 cases, 10 years old, 13 cases, 11 years old, 4 cases, 12 years old, 9 cases, 13 years old, 6 cases, 14 years old, 3 cases, 15 years old, 1 case, 1 case, 15 years old. There was no statistical significance between different sex and pathological classification. There was no correlation between different age groups and renal pathological grade (P = 0.147). The initial symptoms of 41 cases of LN were abdominal pain (1 case), rash (21 cases), edema (18 cases), hematuria (13 cases), proteinuria (14 cases), fever (16 cases), joint swelling and pain (6 cases) and headache (4 cases). The most common cases were fever in 26 cases, followed by rash in 20 cases, serositis and joint swelling and pain in 14 cases, edema in 22 cases, oral ulcer in 17 cases, anaemia in 25 cases, thrombocytopenia in 6 cases, neuropathy in 7 cases, and alopecia in 17 cases. There were 3 cases of grade 鈪

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