补充微量营养素撒剂改善内蒙农村地区婴幼儿健康状况的效果评价

发布时间：2018-05-10 21:44

本文选题：6～24月龄 + 婴幼儿　；参考：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：[背景]缺铁性贫血为世界性的健康问题,发展中国家贫血状况尤为严重。6-24月龄婴幼儿为贫血的高发人群。多个国家对辅食营养补充品的应用研究表明,含有多种矿物质和维生素的微量营养素补充剂可起到与硫酸亚铁同样的补铁作用,能够有效防治2岁以下儿童贫血,可用于在贫血率高的地区开展社区干预以防治儿童贫血。我国关于微量营养素补充剂的研究尚少,且多为以豆粉或乳粉为基底的营养包。本研究旨在探讨微量营养素撒剂对改善我国婴幼儿健康状况的作用。 [目的]调查内蒙古部分农村地区婴幼儿贫血的现状及影响因素；研究微量营养素撒剂对婴幼儿贫血及其他健康状况的改善作用,为我国西部地区进行营养群体干预提供依据。 [方法]本研究采用实验流行病学方法,通过多阶段分层整群抽样,在内蒙古自治区莫力达瓦旗、鄂伦春旗、阿荣旗及扎兰屯市随机抽取1364名6～24月龄婴幼儿及其家长。将4个旗/县随机分为干预组和对照组。基线调查时,对干预组和对照组6-24月龄婴幼儿进行体格测量和血红蛋白测定；对其家长进行儿童基本情况及饮食喂养情况等问卷调查。基线调查之后,干预组除常规喂养之外,进行微量营养素撒剂补充,对照组仅常规喂养。4个月之后,对随访的干预组和对照组婴幼儿及其家长进行终末调查,调查内容同基线。应用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行清理和统计分析。 [结果]1.内蒙农村地区6-24月龄婴幼儿贫血率为45.0%。其中,6-11月龄婴儿贫血率为55.2%,12-17月龄儿童贫血率为50.5%,18～24月龄组贫血率最低,为31.9%。月龄越小,贫血率越高。2.干预之后,干预组贫血率由基线的46.6%下降为37.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.376,P=0.001)；对照组贫血率由干预前的41.3%上升到47.0%(χ2=4.252,P=0.047)。一直及经常服用微量营养素的婴幼儿贫血率改善好于偶尔服用的婴幼儿；服用微量营养素撒剂3个月及以上的婴幼儿贫血率改善好于服用1-2个月的婴幼儿。3.干预组2周上感患病率由基线调查的43.2%下降至终末的25.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.422,P=0.000)；对照组干预前后上感2周患病率差异无统计学意义贸=0.000,P=1.000)；干预组年龄别体重Z评分增值高于对照组(t=2.238,P=0.025)。4.多因素logistic回归分析显示：汉族婴幼儿贫血率高于非汉族婴幼儿；6月龄喂养方式为完全母乳喂养的婴幼儿贫血率高于6月龄人工喂养的婴幼儿；月龄越大,婴幼儿贫血率越低；服用微量营养素撒剂的贫血率低于没有服用的婴幼儿；添加奶类频次越高,婴幼儿贫血率越低；母亲文化程度越高,其婴幼儿贫血率越低。 [结论]内蒙农村地区6～24月龄婴幼儿贫血率较高。补充微量营养素撒剂可有效降低婴幼儿贫血率,且连续、持续服用微量营养素撒剂3个月及以上可达到更好的贫血干预效果。微量营养素撒剂补充可作为农村地区贫血干预的有效手段之一。本研究中,服用微量营养素还可改善婴幼儿食欲、促进儿童体重增长、降低2周上感患病率。然而,微量营养素撒剂对贫血外其他健康状况的影响尚需进一步的研究证实。
[Abstract]:[background] iron deficiency anemia is a worldwide health problem, and anemia in developing countries is particularly severe in.6-24 months of age for anemia. The application of multiple nutritional supplements in many countries shows that micronutrient supplements containing a variety of minerals and vitamins can serve the same iron supplementation as ferrous sulfate, It can effectively prevent and cure children under 2 years of age, and can be used in community intervention to prevent anemia in children with high anemia rate. There are few studies on micronutrient supplements in China, and most of them are based on soybean meal or milk powder. Use.
[Objective] to investigate the status and influencing factors of infant anemia in some rural areas in Inner Mongolia, and to study the effect of micronutrient spray on anemia and other health status of infants and to provide a basis for the intervention of nutritional groups in Western China.
[Methods] 1364 6~24 month old infants and their parents were randomly selected from mulliwata banner, orochun flag, Arong Qi and Zhalantun in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region by multistage stratified cluster sampling, and 4 flag / county were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group and the control group were 6-. 24 month old infants carried out physical measurement and hemoglobin determination; the basic situation of children and diet feeding were investigated by their parents. After the baseline survey, the intervention group was supplemented by micronutrient vegetative agents except routine feeding. The control group was only fed for.4 months, and the intervention group and the control group were followed up. The final survey was carried out by the parents and their parents. The survey was conducted at baseline with the SPSS17.0 software package for data cleaning and statistical analysis.
[results]1. the anemia rate of 6-24 months old children in the rural area of Inner Mongolia was 45.0%., the anemia rate of 6-11 month old infants was 55.2%, the anemia rate of 12-17 months old children was 50.5%, the anemia rate of 18~24 month old group was the lowest, the less 31.9%. month old, the higher the anemia rate the.2. intervention, the anemia rate of the intervention group decreased to 37.5% from the baseline of 46.6%, the difference was statistically significant. The anemia rate in the control group increased from 41.3% before the intervention to 47% (x 2=4.252, P=0.047). The rate of anemia in infants and young children who were always and regularly taking micronutrients was better than that in infants and children taken occasionally; the anemia rate of infants with micronutrients for 3 months and above was better than that of infants who took 1-2 months of.3. The prevalence rate of the intervention group decreased from 43.2% to 25.3% at the end of the baseline survey for 2 weeks. The difference was statistically significant (x 2=33.422, P=0.000), and there was no statistically significant difference in the 2 week prevalence rate of the control group before and after the intervention, P=1.000), and the increase of Z scores in the intervention group was higher than that of the control group (t=2.238, P=0.025).4. multiple factors logistic. The regression analysis showed that the anemia rate of the Han children was higher than that of the non Han infants; the anemia rate of the 6 month old feeding mode was higher than that of the 6 month old artificially fed infants; the older the month was, the lower the anemia rate for infants; the anemia rate was lower than that of the infants who were not taken; The higher the frequency, the lower the infant anemia rate; the higher the mother's education level, the lower the infant anemia rate.
[Conclusion] the incidence of anemia in 6~24 months old children in rural areas of Inner Mongolia is higher. Supplementing micronutrient spray can effectively reduce the incidence of anemia in infants and infants, and continuous use of micronutrients for 3 months and above can achieve better effects of anemia intervention. Micronutrient addition can be used as an effective means for anemia intervention in rural areas. 1. In this study, the use of micronutrients also improves the appetite of infants and infants, promotes the growth of children's weight, and reduces the prevalence of 2 weeks. However, further research is needed to confirm the effect of micronutrients on other health conditions outside of anemia.

【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R153.2

【相似文献】