室内颗粒物污染对儿童哮喘的影响

发布时间：2018-05-29 07:47

本文选题：儿童哮喘 + 病例对照　；参考：《环境与健康杂志》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的探讨室内大气PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM1污染对儿童哮喘的影响。方法采用1∶1成组病例-对照研究,于2015年10月—2016年5月对石河子市80名哮喘儿童和80名健康对照儿童进行问卷调查与室内颗粒物浓度检测,分析儿童哮喘的危险因素。结果两组合计160名儿童的室内PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM1浓度范围分别为26.57~507.30、12.66~159.00、4.53~77.08μg/m~3,其中PM_(10)超标率为61.9%,PM_(2.5)超标率为6.9%。病例组室内空气中的PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM1浓度中位数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,儿童有过敏史(OR=5.171)、有环境烟草烟雾(ETS)暴露(OR=2.429)、PM_(2.5)浓度高于中位数(OR=3.459)是儿童哮喘的危险因素,母乳喂养(OR=0.454)是儿童哮喘的保护因素,均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论儿童有过敏史、ETS暴露和PM_(2.5)暴露可能增加儿童哮喘风险,同时应提倡母乳喂养,以保护儿童呼吸系统健康。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of PM1 pollution on asthma in children. Methods from October 2015 to May 2016, 80 asthmatic children and 80 healthy children in Shihezi city were investigated with questionnaire and indoor particulate matter concentration, and the risk factors of asthma were analyzed by using a 1:1 case-control study. Results for 160 children, the range of PMS / PM1 concentration was 26.57 ~ 507.30 ~ 12.66 ~ 159.00 ~ 4.53 ~ 77.08 渭 g / m ~ (3) respectively, in which the rate of exceeding the standard was 61.9% (P < 0.05). The median concentration of PM1 in the indoor air of the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of asthma were children with a history of allergies (5. 171), exposure to tobacco smoke (2. 429) (P = 3. 459) and breast feeding (0. 454) as a protective factor for asthma in children (P 0. 05). Conclusion exposure to ETS and PMS2.5) may increase the risk of asthma in children, and breast feeding should be promoted to protect children's respiratory health.
【作者单位】：石河子大学化学化工学院新疆兵团化工绿色过程重点实验室;石河子大学医学院第一附属医院儿科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(21567024) 石河子大学优秀青年科技人才培育计划项目(2013ZRKXYQ03)
【分类号】：R725.6;X513

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