基于有限元模型的6岁儿童乘员胸部侧碰响应分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 21:38

本文选题：侧面碰撞 + 6岁儿童　；参考：《天津科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：交通事故中儿童尽管不是死亡的主体,但他们是道路交通安全中的弱势群体,且人们对于儿童乘员的保护意识相对薄弱。另外,大多数汽车公司致力于成人安全保护系统的开发,对于儿童乘员安全约束系统的研究相对欠缺,所以,构建具有较高仿真度的儿童有限元模型显得尤为重要,利用该模型研究侧碰条件下的损伤响应及损伤机理,并对比分析不同侧碰速度下儿童胸部损伤响应的不同,对于制定儿童安全保护法规和降低损伤发生率具有重要意义。本研究主要工作如下： 1、基于6岁儿童胸部CT图像,采用阈值分割方法提取肋骨、肋软骨、胸骨、肿和心脏等组织的几何模型,应用逆向工程软件进行光滑平顺及曲面片划分。 2、在所建立的几何模型基础上,应用网格划分软件完成6岁儿童胸部有限元模型的构建,并通过比较模型仿真结果和缩放成人尸体碰撞试验在轴向载荷条件下胸部的响应结果,结果表明两者所得出的碰撞力-位移曲线变化趋势基本吻合,验证了该有限元模型的有效性。 3、利用所构建的儿童胸部有限元模型进行侧面碰撞仿真分析,研究发现侧碰中肋骨中部、肋结节、肺斜裂及肺主支气管等处出现应力集中,容易产生损伤。 4、通过对儿童胸部模型正碰、侧碰响应的比较,结果显示,正碰、侧碰仿真中最大等效应力分别为77.738Mpa和125.668Mpa,说明侧碰条件下儿童胸部产生的损伤几率比正碰大。本文通过对6岁儿童胸部有限元模型的侧碰响应分析的研究,有助于理解儿童胸部的损伤机理,为儿童乘员损伤防护装置的开发和应用提供数据参考,同时该模型为构建完整的儿童有限元模型奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Although children are not the main body of death in traffic accidents, they are the vulnerable groups in road traffic safety, and people's awareness of child occupants' protection is relatively weak. In addition, most automobile companies devote themselves to the development of adult safety protection system, and the research on child safety restraint system is relatively lacking. Therefore, it is very important to build a child finite element model with high fidelity. The model is used to study the injury response and injury mechanism of children under side impact, and to compare and analyze the different response of children's chest injury under different side impact velocities, which is of great significance for the establishment of child safety protection regulations and the reduction of injury incidence. The main work of this study is as follows: 1. Based on the chest CT images of 6-year-old children, the geometric models of rib, costal cartilage, sternum, swelling and heart were extracted by threshold segmentation method, and smooth and curved slices were divided by reverse engineering software. 2. On the basis of the established geometric model, the finite element model of the chest of 6-year-old children was constructed by using the meshing software, and the results of chest response under axial load were compared with the results of the model simulation and the scaled adult cadaver collision test. The results show that the curves of collision force and displacement are in good agreement with each other, and the validity of the finite element model is verified. 3. The finite element model of children's chest was used to simulate the side impact. It was found that the stress concentration appeared in the middle rib, the costal nodule, the oblique fissure of the lung and the main bronchus of the lung. 4. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress in the simulation is 77.738Mpa and 125.668 Mpa. the results show that the incidence of chest injury in children under side impact is higher than that in positive impact. In this paper, the side impact response analysis of 6 years old child chest finite element model is studied, which is helpful to understand the mechanism of child chest injury and provide data reference for the development and application of child occupant injury protection device. At the same time, the model lays a foundation for the construction of a complete finite element model for children.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R726.5;U467.14

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