青海省果洛藏族自治州儿童棘球蚴病调查

发布时间：2018-07-09 11:56

本文选题：儿童 + 棘球蚴病　；参考：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究的目标旨在掌握青海省果洛藏族自治州在校儿童棘球蚴病流行情况和特征,探讨儿童患病的风险因素和不同类型超声诊断仪对儿童棘球蚴病的诊断价值,研究确定影响目前常用诊断试剂血清学检查结果的影响因素,为预防儿童棘球蚴病、制定有针对性的防治措施、评估防治效果以及在大规模防治工作中选取适宜的诊断工具等提供科学的依据。本研究通过对果洛藏族自治州在校儿童棘球蚴病的普查,发现果洛州地区儿童棘球蚴病的流行十分严重,其患病率和血清阳性率分别为2.43%和19.75%,其中细粒棘球蚴病患病率为0.81%,多房棘球蚴病患病率为1.63%。在5个调查县中,以达日县儿童血清阳性率(22.57%)和患病率(5.16%)最高。女童血清阳性率和患病率均高于男童。儿童患病率随年龄的增长呈现逐渐增高的趋势。另外,研究还发现患病儿童基本均处于疾病早期的无症状阶段。通过病例对照研究发现,果洛藏族自治州儿童患棘球蚴病与其每天不洗手和邻居家养犬有关。提示养成儿童的洗手习惯、控制犬的数量和驱虫是预防儿童棘球蚴病的关键措施。本研究通过单一指标和多项指标综合评价的方式,比较分析了不同类型超声仪棘球蚴病病灶影像清晰度的差别。结果表明,彩色超声的二维图像清晰度优于黑白B超,而且前者的血流显像功能为多房棘球蚴病的鉴别诊断提供了依据,提示彩色超声仪更适用于棘球蚴病流行区病例的诊断和评估疗效。本研究利用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析,探讨了影响国内棘球蚴病常用诊断试剂血清学检查结果的相关因素。结果表明,最大病灶的直径和病灶分型是影响细粒棘球蚴病病例血清学检测结果的主要因素；多房棘球蚴病例血清学检查结果则主要受最大病灶直径和性别的影响。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence and characteristics of echinococcosis in children in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, and to explore the risk factors of children's disease and the diagnostic value of different types of ultrasound diagnostic instruments for children with echinococcosis. In order to prevent echinococcosis in children, we have determined the factors that affect the results of serological examination of commonly used diagnostic reagents at present. Evaluation of prevention and control effect and selection of appropriate diagnostic tools in large-scale prevention and control work provide scientific basis. Based on the survey of echinococcosis in school children in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, it was found that the prevalence of echinococcosis in children in Guoluo Prefecture was very serious. The prevalence rate and seropositive rate were 2.43% and 19.75% respectively. The prevalence of echinococcosis was 0.81 and that of multilocular echinococcosis was 1.63. Among the five counties, the positive rate (22.57%) and prevalence rate (5.16%) of children in Dari County were the highest. The positive rate and prevalence rate of serum in girls were higher than those in boys. The prevalence rate of children increases gradually with the increase of age. In addition, the study also found that the sick children are basically in the early stage of the disease asymptomatic. A case-control study showed that the incidence of echinococcosis in the children of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was related to their daily failure to wash their hands and their neighbors' domestic dogs. It was suggested that the key measures to prevent echinococcosis in children were to develop the habit of washing hands in children, to control the number of dogs and to control insect repellent. In this study, we compared and analyzed the difference of image clarity of different types of ultrasound instruments with single index and multiple indexes. The results showed that the definition of color ultrasound was superior to that of black and white B ultrasound, and the function of the former provided a basis for the differential diagnosis of multilocularis echinococcosis. The results suggest that color ultrasound is more suitable for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with echinococcosis in endemic areas. In this study, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the related factors affecting serological results of diagnostic reagents for echinococcosis in China. The results showed that the diameter and type of the largest lesions were the main factors affecting the serological results of the patients with hydatid granulosus, while the serological results of the patients with multilocularis were mainly affected by the diameter and sex of the largest lesions.
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R725.3

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