上海市中小学生在校午餐与营养状况调查

发布时间：2018-09-17 15:12

【摘要】：目的·了解上海市中小学生在校午餐摄入情况及营养状况,为制定营养午餐配餐指导意见提供基础数据。方法·运用分层整群随机抽样,抽取上海市小学3所、初中3所、高中1所,共5 322人,采用现场称重法进行连续3 d的午餐摄入量调查,并从学校保健室处获得学生身高、体质量数据。结果·供应量方面,学校午餐肉蛋类供应过多,水产类较少。实际摄入方面,小学、初中生仅肉蛋类达到推荐值,高中生摄入则相对均衡。3个阶段的共同问题是蔬菜摄入均未达标。小学生的午餐摄入情况不佳,低年级更甚;初、高中女生较男生摄入达标情况更差。学生午餐摄入脂肪供能比过高,维生素A、维生素B2、钙及铁的摄入依然不足;而学生的营养状况也呈现消瘦与肥胖并存的现象,消瘦率达11.4%,超重/肥胖率达21.4%。结论·上海市中小学生的午餐摄入还存在一些问题,营养状况分布呈双峰现象;建议制定午餐指导意见时应更多地关注调查中出现的水产类稀缺、蔬菜类摄入少的问题。
[Abstract]:Objective:To investigate the intake and nutritional status of school lunch among primary and middle school students in Shanghai, and to provide basic data for the formulation of guidance on nutritional lunch matching.Methods:3 primary schools, 3 junior middle schools and 1 senior middle school in Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. Results: In the aspect of supply, there was too much meat and eggs for school lunch, but less aquatic products. In the aspect of actual intake, only meat and eggs for junior middle school students reached the recommended value, while intake for senior high school students was relatively balanced. At the beginning, the ratio of fat to energy intake was too high, and the intake of vitamin A, vitamin B2, calcium and iron was still insufficient. At the same time, the nutritional status of students also showed the coexistence of emaciation and obesity, the rate of emaciation was 11.4%, and the rate of overweight/obesity was 21.4%. There are still some problems in the lunch intake of primary and middle school students, and the nutritional status distribution shows a bimodal phenomenon.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R153.2

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