234例儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤临床分析

发布时间：2018-10-11 17:34

【摘要】：目的:分析儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤的临床特点、诊断及治疗方法，提高该时期卵巢肿瘤的早期诊断率、降低误诊率、改善预后。资料与方法：2001年1月至2012年10月吉林大学第一医院共收治的234例儿童期（0～9岁）及青春期（10～19岁）卵巢肿瘤患者，分析该时期卵巢肿瘤患者的发病情况、临床症状、检查结果、手术方式、病理结果及术后治疗情况等。采用描述性、回顾性对照分析方法，统计分析应用SPSS19.0软件进行2检验。结果： 1、儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤的临床表现主要为腹痛、腹胀、下腹部肿物及月经异常。2、儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤患者中良性肿瘤占78.63%（184例），恶性肿瘤占9.83%（23例），交界性肿瘤占4.70%（11例），，因肿瘤坏死严重而无法分辨肿瘤性质者占6.84%（16例）。病理类型中生殖细胞肿瘤占首位53.85%（126例），其中畸胎瘤119例（良性110例，恶性9例）。3、不同病理类型的卵巢肿瘤与患者发病年龄有一定关系，随着年龄的增长，上皮性肿瘤呈明显增多趋势。4、儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤易被误诊，常误诊为阑尾炎、泌尿系结石、胃肠炎、肠梗阻等。5、儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤急诊就诊率高，其中卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转74例(良性肿瘤72例，恶性肿瘤2例)，占31.62%，肿瘤破裂9例，占3.84%。74例卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转患者中组织学类型以畸胎瘤最常见，40例，占54.05%。6、肿瘤直径超过5cm时恶性肿瘤的发生率明显增加。结论: 1、健康体检能及早发现儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤。 2、对儿童及青春期女性患者应想到患卵巢肿瘤的可能，一经确诊应及早手术治疗，避免卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转及坏死的发生。 3、超声是诊断儿童及青春期卵巢肿瘤的主要方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tumors in children and puberty in order to improve the early diagnosis rate, reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the prognosis. Materials and methods: from January 2001 to October 2012, 234 patients with ovarian neoplasms were treated in the first Hospital of Jilin University. The incidence and clinical symptoms of ovarian neoplasms in children (0 ~ 9 years) and adolescence (10 ~ 19 years old) were analyzed. Examination results, surgical methods, pathological results and postoperative treatment, etc. Using descriptive and retrospective comparative analysis method, the statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS19.0 software. Results: 1. The main clinical manifestations of ovarian tumors in children and puberty were abdominal pain and abdominal distension. 2in children and puberty with ovarian tumor, benign tumor accounted for 78.63% (184 cases), malignant tumor 9.83% (23 cases), borderline tumor 4.70% (11 cases). The rate of tumor necrosis was 6.84% (16 cases). Germ cell tumors accounted for 53.85% (126 cases), of which 119 cases were teratoma (benign 110 cases, malignant 9 cases). Epithelial neoplasms showed an obvious increasing trend. 4. Ovarian tumors in children and puberty were easily misdiagnosed, often misdiagnosed as appendicitis, urinary calculi, gastroenteritis, intestinal obstruction, etc. The rate of emergency treatment for ovarian tumors in children and adolescents was high. Among them 74 cases of ovarian tumor pedicle torsion (72 cases of benign tumor, 2 cases of malignant tumor), 9 cases of tumor rupture, 3.84.74 cases of ovarian tumor pedicle torsion, the most common histological type was teratoma, 40 cases. The incidence of malignant tumor increased significantly when the diameter of tumor exceeded 5cm. Conclusion: 1. Health examination can detect early ovarian tumor in children and puberty. 2. For children and adolescent women, the possibility of ovarian tumor should be considered, and surgical treatment should be taken as soon as possible. To avoid torsion and necrosis of ovarian tumor pedicle. 3. Ultrasound is the main method for diagnosis of ovarian tumor in children and puberty.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R737.31

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