跟骨骨骺发育X线探究

发布时间：2018-12-13 11:19

【摘要】：目的:探讨跟骨骨骺从出现到闭合阶段发育的X线形态特征和规律。材料与方法:从2012年5月~2016年2月期间,连续搜集整理1177例在日照市人民医院就诊的19岁以下儿童青少年踝、足跗关节X线侧位片,其中男性儿童青少673例,女性儿童青少504例,这些入选儿童青少年的年龄范围为4月~18岁。本次实验统计分析中每一岁划分为一个年龄组,每一组男女性儿童青少年20~50例各不等。观察分析每一年龄组儿童青少年跟骨骨骺出现及完全闭合例数、跟骨骨骺的密度(分致密型、松质骨型两型)、跟骨骨骺最先闭合部位(跟骨下部、跟骨上部)、跟骨骨骺透亮线以及儿童暂时性发育性跟骨骨刺出现与否随年龄变化的规律和特点及男女性别差异。结果:在所观察的儿童青少年群体中,女性儿童青少年跟骨骨骺最早于3岁年龄组出现1例,9岁及以后的年龄组跟骨骨骺全部都出现,女性儿童青少年跟骨骨骺完全闭合年龄最早于11岁年龄组出现1例,16岁及以后的年龄组跟骨骨骺全部都闭合;男性儿童青少年跟骨骨骺最早于5岁年龄组出现1例,11岁及以后年龄组跟骨骨骺全部都出现,男性儿童青少年跟骨骨骺完全闭合年龄最早于12岁年龄组出现1例,18岁年龄组全部都闭合。在所有的入选研究对象中共有54例儿童在跟骨骨骺出现前有暂时性发育性跟骨骨刺(假性骨刺)出现,其中女性儿童19例,男性儿童35例。跟骨骨骺密度(致密型、松质骨型)、最先闭合部位(下部、上部)、透亮线和暂时性发育性跟骨骨刺出现与否性别差异χ2检验均无显著统计学意义(χ2=1.22、0.03、0.52、2.45,均P0.05)。在所有的研究对象中跟骨骨骺最先闭合部位,下部6.55%(男12例,女17例),上部2.93%(男5例,女8例)。结论:认识跟骨骨骺发育的X线规律,有助于跟骨骨骺疾病的X线诊断和鉴别。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the X-ray features and regularity of epiphysis development from appearance to closure. Materials and methods: from May 2012 to February 2016, 1177 cases of children under 19 years old under the age of 19 and lateral radiography of tarsal joint of foot were collected and sorted in Rizhao people's Hospital. There were 504 female children who were enrolled in the age range from April to 18. Each year of age was divided into an age group, and 2050 cases of male and female children and adolescents were divided into two groups. The occurrence and complete closure of calcaneal epiphysis, the density of calcaneal epiphysis (divided into compact type and cancellous bone type) and the first closed site of calcaneal epiphysis (proximal calcaneus and upper calcaneus) were observed and analyzed. The regularity and characteristics of calcaneal epiphysis clear line and temporary developmental calcaneal bone spines in children with age and gender difference. Results: the epiphysis of calcaneal bone in female children and adolescents was first found in the age group of 3 years old, and all the epiphysis of calcaneus appeared in the age group of 9 years old and after, among the observed groups of children and adolescents, the epiphysis of calcaneus appeared in the female children and adolescents. The complete closure of calcaneal epiphysis occurred in female children and adolescents at the earliest age of 11 years, and all of the calcaneal epiphyses were closed in the 16 and after age groups. The epiphysis of calcaneal bone in male children and adolescents first appeared in the age group of 5 years old, all the epiphysis of calcaneus appeared in the age group of 11 years and after, and the complete closure of the epiphysis of calcaneus appeared in 1 case in the age group of 12 years of age. All of the 18-year-old group were closed. A total of 54 children (19 female and 35 male) had transient developmental calcaneal spines (pseudo-bone spines) before epiphysis of calcaneus. The density of calcaneal epiphysis (compact type, cancellous bone type), the first closed site (lower part, upper part), clear line and temporary developmental calcaneal bone spines had no significant difference in sex (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2 test) (蠂 ~ 21.222.45). P 0.05). Among all the subjects, 6.55% (12 males, 17 females) and 2.93% (5 males, 8 females) in the proximal part of the calcaneal epiphysis were closed first. Conclusion: understanding the X-ray rule of calcaneal epiphysis is helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of calcaneal epiphyseal disease.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R726.8;R816.8

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