儿童胸腔积液177例病因及临床特点分析

发布时间：2019-06-02 19:26

【摘要】：目的探讨儿童胸腔积液的病因及临床特征,提高临床诊治水平。方法回顾性分析首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科2015年11月至2016年10月177例胸腔积液患儿的临床资料。结果 177例胸腔积液患儿中以感染为首位原因。肺炎旁胸腔积液176例(99.44%),其中肺炎支原体感染99例(56.25%);肺炎支原体合并其他病原感染53例(30.11%);细菌感染7例(3.98%);结核感染2例(1.14%);病毒感染1例(0.57%);细菌合并病毒感染3例(1.71%);细菌合并真菌感染1例(0.57%);肺吸虫病1例(0.57%);病原不明9例(5.11%);白血病1例(0.56%)。肺炎支原体感染有明显的年龄特点,6岁以上肺炎支原体感染及肺炎支原体合并其他感染占此年龄组胸腔积液的92.47%,同2~6岁和1~2岁患儿相比,差异有统计学意义(均为P0.05)。细菌感染及结核感染的年龄差别均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论小儿胸腔积液的病因仍以感染为主,其中肺炎支原体感染占首位,有明显年龄特点,而细菌和结核感染比例明显下降,无年龄差别。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of children with pleural effusions and to improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods the clinical data of 177 children with pleural effusions from November 2015 to October 2016 in Department of Respiratory Medicine, affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics were analyzed retrospectively. Results infection was the main cause in 177 children with pleural effusions. There were 176 cases (99.44%) with parapneumonic pleural effusions, 99 cases (56.25%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, 53 cases (30.11%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other pathogenic infections, 7 cases (3.98%) with bacterial infection, and 7 cases (3.98%) with mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other pathogenic infections. Tuberculosis infection was found in 2 cases (1.14%), viral infection in 1 case (0.57%), bacteria complicated with viral infection in 3 cases (1.71%), bacteria complicated with fungal infection in 1 case (0.57%), paragliasis in 1 case (0.57%). The pathogen was unknown in 9 cases (5.11%) and leukemia in 1 case (0.56%). Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection had obvious age characteristics. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection over 6 years old and mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated with other infections accounted for 92.47% of the pleural effusions in this age group, which was compared with that of children aged 2 years and 2 years old. The difference was statistically significant (all P 0.05). There was no significant difference in the age of bacterial infection and tuberculosis infection (P 0.05). Conclusion infection is still the main cause of pleural effusions in children, in which Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection accounts for the first place, with obvious age characteristics, while the proportion of bacterial and tuberculosis infection is significantly decreased, and there is no age difference.
【作者单位】：首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科;
【分类号】：R725.6

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