基于多中心磁共振影像的精神分裂症脑皮层形态学研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 11:15

本文选题：多中心　切入点：精神分裂症　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：磁共振影像技术的飞速发展,成为了脑科学研究的强有力工具,促进了人类对自身大脑的了解、保护和开发。各种大脑影像分析技术使人们可以多角度的去探索大脑,研究大脑。通过对大脑进行形态学分析,可以了解大脑的各种结构信息,探讨在疾病和认知过程中大脑皮层可能的变化模式,从而更深层次的理解各种脑疾病的发病机制。精神分裂症是精神科的一种复发率高、致残率高的慢性迁延性疾病。精神分裂症不仅给家庭和社会带来沉重的经济负担而且对家庭日常活动、休闲娱乐、患者个人及家属的心理健康造成巨大的影响。国内外文献关于精神分裂症研究非常多,但是研究结果没有一致性,精神分裂症患者皮层形态异常几乎涉及所有脑区,额叶、颞叶、顶叶、岛叶、枕叶、基底节区以及小脑都有相关研究报道过。这些研究结果的不一致性导致找不到有效的生物学标记来探寻精神分裂症发病的病理生理机制,无法辅助临床的诊断和治疗。本文通过多中心精神分裂症患者皮层形态学的研究来寻找研究精神分裂症有效的生物学标记,主要工作如下:1.通过对多个中心精神分裂症患者皮层厚度的研究发现,在左侧额下回、左侧梭状回、右侧额中回、右侧额下回这四个脑区三个中心精神分裂症患者的皮层厚度都发生了降低。可以重点关注这四个脑区,作为精神分裂症患者皮层形态研究的生物学标记,进一步深入探寻精神分裂症的病理生理机制。2.通过对多个中心精神分裂症患者皮层体积的研究发现,在右侧背侧前扣带沟三个中心精神分裂症患者的皮层体积都发生了降低。可以重点关注这一脑区,该脑区皮层体积的变化可以作为精神分裂症患者皮层形态研究的生物学标记。3.通过对多个中心精神分裂症患者皮层面积以及复杂度的研究发现,三个中心的精神分裂症患者都没有脑区发生显著性改变,排除了从皮层面积以及复杂度这两个形态学指标来研究精神分裂症。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, it has become a powerful tool in brain science research, and has promoted the understanding, protection and development of human brain. Studying the brain. By analyzing the morphology of the brain, we can understand the various structural information of the brain and explore the possible patterns of changes in the cerebral cortex in the course of disease and cognition. Thus a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of various brain diseases. Schizophrenia is a high relapse rate in psychiatry. Chronic and persistent diseases with high disability rates. Schizophrenia not only imposes a heavy economic burden on families and society, but also imposes a heavy burden on families' daily activities, leisure and entertainment. The mental health of patients and their families has a great impact. There are many studies on schizophrenia at home and abroad, but the results are not consistent. The abnormal cortical morphology of schizophrenic patients involves almost all brain regions, frontal lobes, Inconsistency in temporal, parietal, insular, occipital, basal ganglia, and cerebellum has led to a lack of effective biological markers to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia. It is impossible to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia. In this paper, we studied the morphology of cortex in patients with multicentric schizophrenia to find the effective biomarkers for the study of schizophrenia. The main work is as follows: 1.Through studying the cortical thickness of several patients with central schizophrenia, we found that in the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left fusiform gyrus, the right middle frontal gyrus, The cortical thickness of the three central schizophrenic patients in the right inferior frontal gyrus has all decreased. We can focus on these four brain regions as a biological marker for the study of cortical morphology in schizophrenic patients. Further explore the pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia. 2. Through the study of the cortical volume of many patients with central schizophrenia, The cortical volume decreased in all three central schizophrenic patients in the right dorsal anterior cingulate sulcus. The change of cortical volume in the brain area can be used as a biological marker for the morphological study of cortex in schizophrenic patients. 3. By studying the cortical area and complexity of multiple patients with central schizophrenia, we found that, There were no significant changes in the brain regions in the three centers of schizophrenia. The study of schizophrenia was based on the morphological indexes of cortex area and complexity.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R445.2;R749.3

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