基于BOLD磁共振成像的骨质疏松研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 13:52

本文选题：骨质疏松 + 血氧水平依赖磁共振成像　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：骨质疏松是一组以骨量减少,骨呈多孔状,密度降低,致使骨的强度下降,脆性增加而容易发生骨折为主要特征的全身性骨骼类疾病。骨质疏松症的直接后果是骨折,老年人发生髋部骨折的后果很严重,很有可能导致死亡。随着人类寿命的延长、社会老龄化和人口结构的改变,骨质疏松的发病率将逐年增加,已发展成为全球密切关注的健康问题。骨质疏松的病因较多,目前尚未最终阐明。近年来,临床、流行病学以及组织病理学开始对骨质疏松与人体血管类疾病间关联性的研究,发现骨密度与血管疾病之间存在很强的关联性。血氧代谢是机体能量代谢的重要组成部分,人体的各种生理活动都离不开能量的支持,血氧代谢的异常势必将导致能量供应不足,从而影响人体的各种生理活动。血氧代谢异常不仅是许多疾病所共有的一个基本病理过程,更是许多疾病引起死亡的重要原因。血氧水平依赖磁共振成像(BOLD-MRI)是一种利用组织中血氧饱和度变化来制造对比的磁共振成像技术,通过对BOLD信号的分析可以获得组织血氧代谢功能的变化情况,从而可以进一步研究血氧代谢与其他疾病之间的关联。本文借助BOLD磁共振成像技术为影像手段,通过采用半量化与量化两种不同的分析方法来研究骨骼肌血液灌注、血氧代谢与骨密度之间的关系,进一步揭示骨质疏松的生理成因。在半量化分析过程中,使用双指数函数与S型函数对特征曲线进行拟合,获取了较为稳定、准确的特征参数。在量化分析过程中,基于参考区域建模方法,建立独立于动脉血氧输入函数的适用于BOLD信号的血氧代谢动力模型,避免了无法获得准确动脉血氧输入函数的影响,并提取相关生理参数进行统计分析。本研究发现,不同肌肉组织在血液灌注与血氧代谢能力上存在显著性差异,同时不同骨密度组别间在个别肌肉的血氧代谢功能上存在显著性差异。研究结果表明,骨密度与周围组织的血液循环及血氧代谢存在关联性,血氧代谢功能的改变可能是诱发骨质疏松的原因之一。希望通过本课题的研究,能够为骨质疏松的预防和早期诊断提供帮助。
[Abstract]:Osteoporosis is a group of systemic bone diseases characterized by reduced bone mass, porous bone and decreased density, which leads to the decrease of bone strength and the increase of brittleness, which is liable to fracture. The immediate consequence of osteoporosis is fracture. Hip fractures in the elderly are serious and can lead to death. With the prolongation of human life, the aging of society and the change of population structure, the incidence of osteoporosis will increase year by year. There are many causes of osteoporosis, which have not been finally clarified. In recent years, clinical, epidemiology and histopathology have begun to study the relationship between osteoporosis and vascular diseases, and found that there is a strong correlation between bone mineral density and vascular diseases. Blood oxygen metabolism is an important part of body energy metabolism. Various physiological activities of human body can not be separated from the support of energy. The abnormality of blood oxygen metabolism will inevitably lead to insufficient energy supply, thus affecting various physiological activities of the human body. Abnormal blood oxygen metabolism is not only a basic pathological process common to many diseases, but also an important cause of death caused by many diseases. Blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is a kind of magnetic resonance imaging technology, which makes use of the change of blood oxygen saturation in tissues to make contrast. The changes of blood oxygen metabolism can be obtained by analyzing the bod signal. Thus, the relationship between blood oxygen metabolism and other diseases can be further studied. In this paper, the relationship between blood perfusion, blood oxygen metabolism and bone mineral density of skeletal muscle was studied by means of bod magnetic resonance imaging. The physiological causes of osteoporosis were further revealed by using semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis methods to study the relationship between blood perfusion, blood oxygen metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) of skeletal muscle. In the process of semi-quantization analysis, the double exponential function and S-type function are used to fit the characteristic curve, and the more stable and accurate characteristic parameters are obtained. In the process of quantitative analysis, based on the reference region modeling method, a dynamic model of blood oxygen metabolism, which is independent of arterial oxygen input function and suitable for bold signal, is established, which avoids the influence of failure to obtain accurate arterial oxygen input function. The related physiological parameters were extracted for statistical analysis. In this study we found that there were significant differences in blood perfusion and oxygen metabolism between different muscle tissues and significant differences in blood oxygen metabolism function among different bone mineral density groups. The results showed that BMD was associated with blood circulation and blood oxygen metabolism in peripheral tissues, and the change of blood oxygen metabolism function might be one of the causes of osteoporosis. It is hoped that this study will be helpful for the prevention and early diagnosis of osteoporosis.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R445.2;R580

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