人乳头瘤病毒临床新型检测方法的建立

发布时间：2018-04-05 22:04

本文选题：HPV　切入点：快速筛查　出处：《西北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)已被证实与生殖道疣,口咽部肿瘤,特别是子宫颈癌密切相关。人体的表皮和黏膜组织对该病毒普遍易感,甚至几乎所有的宫颈癌患者都有不同程度的HPV感染,因此HPV的分型检测在宫颈癌早期诊断中有重要意义。目前已经鉴定的HPV达100多个型别,根据流行病学又可分为高危型和低危型两种,引起子宫颈癌最常见的高危型有HPV16,18,31,33,35,45,52和58型,HPV6和11型为最常见的低危型,通常与生殖道肛门的疣状病变有关。本研究选择了亚洲地区高发的7种高危型(HPV16,18,31,33,45,52,58)和2种低危型(HPV6,11)作为研究对象,建立了两种HPV新型检测方法,即PCR-免疫层析检测法和环介导等温扩增分型检测法。分别应用这两种方法对宫颈刷片样本初步进行了筛查分型,并将结果与医院中普遍使用的达安HPV分型检测试剂盒进行了对比。所建立的检测方法与传统方法相比,具有特异性强,灵敏度高,准确度好,成本低廉等优点。在得到临床样本后,只需经过病毒基因组DNA的粗提,之后通过PCR-免疫层析法的初步筛查后,再对其中的阳性样本进行LAMP分型检测。完成全部过程大约需要3.5个小时,在时间和成本上大大优于其它HPV分型检测方法,在HPV早期诊断方面有很好的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proved to be closely associated with genital warts, oropharyngeal neoplasms, especially cervical cancer.Human epidermis and mucosal tissue are generally susceptible to the virus, even almost all patients with cervical cancer have varying degrees of HPV infection, so the detection of HPV typing is of great significance in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer.At present, more than 100 types of HPV have been identified. According to epidemiology, they can be divided into two types: high risk type and low risk type. The most common high risk types causing cervical cancer are HPV16 / 1831 / 35 / 35 / 455 / 52 and HPV6 / 11 / 58, which are the most common low risk types of cervical cancer.It is usually associated with verrucous lesions in the genital tract and anus.The two methods were used to screen and type the samples of cervical brushes, and the results were compared with the HPV typing kit commonly used in hospitals.Compared with the traditional method, the established method has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, good accuracy and low cost.After the clinical samples were obtained, only the virus genome DNA was extracted, then the positive samples were screened by PCR- immunochromatographic method, and the positive samples were detected by LAMP typing.It takes about 3.5 hours to complete the whole process, which is much better than other HPV typing methods in time and cost, and has a good application value in the early diagnosis of HPV.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R737.33

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