超声检测胎儿髋关节及脾脏的方法和应用
发布时间:2018-04-10 16:02
本文选题:超声检查 + 产前 ; 参考:《福建医科大学》2014年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的评估超声测量胎儿髋关节的可行性,建立国人胎儿髋关节发育的正常值参考范围,评估胎儿髋关节发育的影响因素及其临床意义。 方法采用Bland-Altman分析引产的20例胎儿宫内和引产后宫外超声测量髂骨长径(R),骨性髋臼凹长径(r),股骨头直径(D),α角,β角,股骨头覆盖率(morin ratio,MR)的一致性。选取480例21~40孕周单胎胎儿,在Graf’s法髋关节标准冠状断面上测量各项值并计算正常值范围,分析各项值与孕周(GA)的关系。随机选择30例胎儿,分析测量值的一致性采用组内相关系数(ICC)分析观察者内及观察者间的可重复性。选择同期连续48例脊柱及骨骼系统畸形、羊水异常的胎儿,分析脊柱及骨骼畸形、羊水、性别、胎位与胎儿髋关节发育的相关性。 结果引产胎儿宫内与宫外测量的一致性信度高,,观察者内及观察者间可重复性良好(组内相关系数分别是:R0.97、0.90;r0.98、0.91;D0.94、0.92;α0.93、0.88;β0.96、0.89;MR0.95、0.87)。髂骨长径、骨性髋臼凹长径、股骨头直径随孕周的增加而增大,最适二次回归方程分别为:髂骨长径(cm)=-2.445+0.227GA-0.002GA2;骨性髋臼凹长径(cm)=-0.881+0.079GA;股骨头直径(cm)=-1.571+0.132GA-0.001GA2;α角(°)=85.791-1.222GA+0.016GA2;β角(°)=31.991+0.021GA+0.008GA2;MR(%)=79.173-0.706GA+0.003GA2(P均<0.05)。其中Graf I型(α角≥60°):420例,Graf IIa型(50°≤α<60°):60例;β角>55°:29例,β≤55°:451例。畸形组、不同羊水组与正常组胎儿之间及不同性别、胎位的胎儿之间各测量项值的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。 结论高分辨力超声能够清楚地显示和评估胎儿髋关节发育情况。 目的探讨二维和三维超声测量胎儿脾脏大小的方法并建立国人正常参考值范围,选择最佳的评估指标以发现脾脏异常并评估其临床意义。 方法分析20例胎儿宫内、宫外超声测量脾脏长径、厚度、周长、面积、体积的一致性。随机选择30例胎儿,分析宫内测量各项值的重复性。选取388例18~38孕周正常单胎胎儿,测量各项值并计算正常值范围,采用回归分析评估各测量项与孕周(GA)的关系,以此正常值范围筛查脾肿大。 结果宫内、宫外超声测量脾脏各项值的一致性较好,宫内测量可重复性良好(ICC:0.866~0.974),其中体积测量的可信度最高。各测量项随孕周的增加而增大,回归方程分别为:长径(cm)=-0.344+0.091GA+0.091GA2;厚度(cm)=-0.755+0.092GA;周长(cm)=-1.756+0.323GA+0.002GA2;面积(cm2)=2.86-0.312GA+0.012GA2;体积(cm3)=8.155-0.789GA+0.024GA2(P均<0.001)。同期共检出6胎脾脏增大及1胎脾囊肿。 结论超声能清楚地显示和测量胎儿脾脏。脾脏体积是评估其大小的最适指标。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the feasibility of ultrasonic measurement of fetal hip joint, to establish the normal reference range of Chinese fetal hip joint development, and to evaluate the influencing factors of fetal hip joint development and its clinical significance.Methods Bland-Altman was used to analyze the consistency of intrauterine and extrauterine ultrasonography in 20 fetuses with intrauterine and postnatal intrauterine ultrasound measurements of iliac bone long diameter, bone acetabular fovea long diameter, femoral head diameter, 伪 angle, 尾 angle, femoral head coverage rate and morin ratiostomy.Four hundred and eighty fetuses of 21 and 40 gestational weeks were selected to measure and calculate the normal range of values on the standard coronal section of hip joint with Graf's method, and to analyze the relationship between the values and the gestational age.Thirty fetuses were randomly selected. The consistency of the measured values was analyzed by ICC- (intra-group correlation coefficient) to analyze the repeatability within and between observers.The relationship between spinal and skeletal malformation, amniotic fluid malformation, amniotic fluid, sex, fetal position and the development of fetal hip joint was analyzed.Results the consistent reliability of intrauterine and extrauterine measurements of induced labor was high, and the reproducibility of intraobserver and interobserver measurements was good (the intragroup correlation coefficients were: 1 / R 0.97 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.90g / r 0.91 / d 0.94 ~ 0.92; 伪 0.93n = 0.88; 尾 0.96 ~ 0.89 / M = 0.950.87).楂傞闀垮緞,楠ㄦ
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