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孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用情况的影响因素及其与妊娠结局关联的队列研究

发布时间:2018-04-18 12:40

  本文选题:孕妇 + 妊娠结局 ; 参考:《安徽医科大学》2014年硕士论文


【摘要】:目的 描述孕妇孕前、孕早期家用化学品的使用情况,分析孕妇孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用情况的影响因素,进一步探讨孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用与早产、低出生体重、小于胎龄儿以及胎儿宫内生长发育指标的关联。 方法 自2008年10月至2010年10月,征募了在安徽省合肥、芜湖、马鞍山市的妇幼保健机构进行初次孕产期保健体检,建立保健手册,并且分娩记录完整的孕妇。在随访期间,选用本教研室编制的《孕产期母婴健康记录表》采集了孕妇的人口学资料、本次妊娠相关情况、不良生活方式、孕前及孕早期家用化学品使用情况、妊娠期心理应激状况等资料;收集新生儿娩出时的出生体重、身长、头围、胸围、孕周、性别等信息,所有参加该研究的孕妇都签署了知情同意书。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验、Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验、Pearson2检验比较孕妇孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用情况在不同人口统计学特征、妊娠相关情况、不良生活方式、妊娠期心理应激情况之间的分布差异;运用线性回归模型分析孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用与胎儿宫内生长发育指标的关联;采用Logistic回归模型分析孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用情况的影响因素,并且探讨孕前、孕早期家用化学品使用与早产、低出生体重、小于胎龄儿三类不良妊娠结局的关联。 结果 孕前家用化学品资料完整进入分析的孕妇共计10241人,美白霜的使用率最高(59.2%),其他家用化学品的使用率相对较低(≤35%),Logistic回归分析显示合肥、马鞍山市的家用化学品使用率低于芜湖市,孕妇的文化程度与孕前家用化学品使用较多显著相关,而孕妇低龄、孕前较低的体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、有流产史、有妇科感染史、孕期抑郁、焦虑、孕前半年服用过避孕药、有吸烟史、饮酒史、服用/注射过药物是孕前家用化学品使用较多的正向关联因素。Logistic回归结果显示,孕前家用化学品使用与早产无统计学显著关联(中分组对低分组:RR=0.82,95%CI=0.59~1.14;高分组对低分组:RR=0.80,95%CI=0.63~1.01),与低出生体重亦无统计学显著关联(中分组对低分组:RR=0.88,95%CI=0.56~1.39;高分组对低分组:RR=0.94,,95%CI=0.68~1.29),甚至在小于胎龄儿组呈现出一种保护效应(高分组对低分组:RR=0.74,95%CI=0.57~0.94)。根据胎儿性别、孕妇年龄、孕前BMI进行分层分析结果亦未发现孕前家用化学品使用与早产、低出生体重、小于胎龄儿之间有任何关联。多重线性回归模型结果显示,孕前家用化学品使用与新生儿出生体重、身长、头围、胸围等胎儿生长发育指标之间的差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。孕早期家用化学品资料完整进入分析的孕妇共计10269人,美白霜的使用率最高(28%),其他家用化学品的使用率相对较低(≤29%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,乡村地区的孕早期家用化学品使用率高于城镇地区,孕妇较低的文化程度、孕妇低龄、孕前低BMI、孕期焦虑、孕前半年服用过避孕药、孕妇有吸烟史、孕妇有饮酒史、服用/注射过药物是孕早期家用化学品使用较多的正向关联因素,阴道流血是孕早期家用化学品使用较多的负向关联因素。Logistic回归结果显示,孕早期家用化学品使用与低出生体重无统计学显著关联(使用组对几乎不用组:RR=1.11,95%CI=0.83~1.49),与小于胎龄儿亦无统计学显著关联(使用组对几乎不用组:RR=1.07,95%CI=0.85~1.33),甚至在早产组呈现出一种保护效应(使用组对几乎不用组:RR=0.72,95%CI=0.58~0.90)。根据胎儿性别、孕妇年龄、孕前BMI进行分层分析结果亦未发现孕早期家用化学品使用与早产、低出生体重、小于胎龄儿呈现正向关联。多重线性回归模型分析,亦未发现孕早期家用化学品使用与新生儿出生体重、身长、头围、胸围等生长发育指标之间的差异有统计学意义(均P>0.05)。 结论 孕前家用化学品中美白霜的使用频率最高(59.2%),其他家用化学品的使用频率相对较低(≤35%)。孕妇的文化程度与孕前使用家用化学品显著相关,而孕妇低龄、孕前低BMI、有流产史、有妇科感染史、孕期抑郁、焦虑、孕前半年服用过避孕药、有吸烟史、饮酒史、服用/注射过药物是孕前使用家用化学品的正向关联因素。未发现孕妇孕前家用化学品使用与3种不良妊娠结局、胎儿宫内生长发育指标之间存在显著关联。孕早期家用化学品中美白霜的使用频率最高(28%),其他家用化学品的使用频率相对较低(≤29%)。乡村地区的孕早期家用化学品使用率高于城镇地区。孕妇较低的文化程度、孕妇低龄、孕前低BMI、焦虑、孕前半年服用过避孕药、有吸烟史、饮酒史、服用/注射过药物是孕早期使用家用化学品的正向关联因素,阴道流血是孕早期使用家用化学品的负向关联因素。亦未发现孕妇孕早期家用化学品使用与3种不良妊娠结局、胎儿宫内生长发育指标之间存在任何显著关联。
[Abstract]:Purpose

The article describes the use of domestic chemicals before and after pregnancy , analyses the influencing factors of the use of domestic chemicals before and before pregnancy , and further discusses the association between the use of domestic chemicals and preterm birth , the low birth weight , the gestational age and the growth and development index of the fetus .

method

From October 2008 to October 2010 , the maternal and child health care institutions in Hefei , Wuhu and Ma On Shan in Anhui province were recruited to establish a health manual , and a complete pregnant woman was recorded . During the follow - up period , the maternal and child health records of pregnant women were collected from the Maternal and Child Health Record Table , which was prepared by the teaching and research laboratory , and the data of the pregnant women ' s demographic information , the pregnancy - related conditions , the poor lifestyle , the use of domestic chemicals before pregnancy and early pregnancy , the mental stress condition during pregnancy , etc . were collected .
To collect information about birth weight , body length , head circumference , chest circumference , gestational age , sex and so on , all pregnant women who participated in the study signed the informed consent form .
Using the linear regression model to analyze the correlation between the use of domestic chemicals and the growth and development index of the fetus in the early pregnancy and early pregnancy ;
Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the use of domestic chemicals before and after pregnancy , and to explore the association between the use of domestic chemicals and preterm birth , low birth weight and less than three adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational age .

Results

Logistic regression showed that the use of domestic chemicals was significantly correlated with the use of domestic chemicals before pregnancy ( RR = 0.82 , 95 % CI = 0.59 - 1.14 ) .
High grouping ( RR = 0.80 , 95 % CI = 0.63 ~ 1.01 ) , there was no statistically significant association with low birth weight ( median group : RR = 0.88 , 95 % CI = 0.56 ~ 1.39 ;
High grouping ( RR = 0.94 , 95 % CI = 0.68 - 1.29 ) , even at less than the gestational age group presented a protective effect ( high grouping versus low grouping : RR = 0.74 , 95 % CI = 0.57 ~ 0.94 ) . The results of Logistic regression showed that the use of domestic chemicals in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas ( RR = 1.11 , 95 % CI = 0.85 - 1.33 ) . The results of Logistic regression showed that the use of domestic chemicals in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas ( RR = 1.11 , 95 % CI = 0.85 - 1.33 ) . There was no statistical difference between the use of domestic chemicals and the birth weight , body length , head circumference , chest circumference and other development indexes in the early pregnancy , according to the results of the analysis of the fetus sex , the age of the pregnant woman and the BMI before pregnancy .

Conclusion

The use frequency of domestic chemicals in prenatal home chemicals is the highest ( 59.2 % ) , and the frequency of use of other domestic chemicals is relatively low ( 鈮

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