辅助生殖技术法的比较分析及文化根源探究

发布时间：2018-04-20 18:54

本文选题：辅助生殖技术 + 法律　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：据世界卫生组织报告表明，目前人类总体生殖能力明显低于上世纪四五十年代，如今世界范围内已有超过15%的夫妇深受不孕不育的困扰。在此背景下，辅助生殖技术应运而生，作为传统自然生殖方式的重要补充，为不孕不育者带来福音。但科学技术是把双刃剑，辅助生殖技术给生育困境中的人们带来福利的同时，也引起一系列社会问题，主要围绕在生命商品化、生育商业化、婚姻家庭伦理关系复杂化、性道德及人格的滑坡等方面。目前世界各国普遍重视辅助生殖技术立法，西方已初步建立起相对完善的辅助生殖技术法律体系，东方国家也在加快立法进程，而实际情况是，哪里有辅助生殖技术，哪里便会责声四起，这从本质上来说，是高新科技与传统思维矛盾冲突的产物。笔者认为，东西方存在巨大的文化差异，法律是广义文化的组成部分，所以研究法律问题，，从法律运行的外部环境入手是较为合理的一种方法，将技术问题从文化层面进行分析也更具反思性。在此指导思想下，本文分四章内容进行论述。首先概述了辅助生殖技术的种类及其应用与发展情况，然后整理两大法系的辅助生殖技术法律法规，并比较异同，最后对欧美和我国辅助生殖技术法律法规背后的文化根源进行探究，挖掘儒家、佛教、基督教、移民文化、女性主义视域下的东西方文化因素与现行辅助生殖技术法律法规的内在联系。本文认为固有传统观念对生殖技术的立法有阻碍作用，随着社会的变迁我们呼吁新伦理的到来，辅助生殖技术的立法也需要更多的人文关怀，只有科学精神与人文精神真正融合，法律才能被更多人信仰，科技才能更好为人类服务，社会才会更加和谐。
[Abstract]:According to the World Health Organization, the overall reproductive capacity of human beings is significantly lower than that of the 1940s and 1950s, and more than 15 percent of couples worldwide are suffering from infertility. In this context, assisted reproductive technology came into being, as an important supplement to traditional natural reproduction, bringing gospel to infertile people. But science and technology is a double-edged sword, assisted reproductive technology to bring benefits to the people in reproductive distress, but also caused a series of social problems, mainly around the commercialization of life, fertility commercialization, marriage and family ethical relations complex. The decline of sexual morality and personality. At present, countries all over the world generally attach importance to the legislation of assisted reproductive technology. The western countries have initially established a relatively perfect legal system of assistive reproductive technology, and the eastern countries are also speeding up the legislative process. However, the actual situation is, where is the assisted reproductive technology? This is essentially a conflict between high-tech and traditional thinking. The author believes that there is a huge cultural difference between the East and the West, and that law is a part of broad culture, so it is a more reasonable method to study legal problems and start with the external environment of law operation. It is also more reflective to analyze technical issues from a cultural perspective. In this guiding ideology, this paper is divided into four chapters to discuss. First of all, it summarizes the types of assisted reproductive technology, its application and development, and then collates the laws and regulations of assisted reproductive technology in the two legal systems, and compares the similarities and differences. Finally, it explores the cultural roots behind the laws and regulations of assisted reproductive technology in Europe, America and China, and excavates the culture of Confucianism, Buddhism, Christianity and immigration. The inner relationship between the western and eastern cultural factors and the existing laws and regulations of assisted reproductive technology in the view of feminism. This paper holds that the inherent traditional concept has an obstacle to the legislation of reproductive technology. With the change of society, we call for the arrival of new ethics, and the legislation of auxiliary reproductive technology also needs more humanistic care. Only when the spirit of science and humanism are really combined, can the law be believed by more people, science and technology can serve mankind better, and the society will be more harmonious.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R714.8

【相似文献】