外阴疾病患者阴道微生态状况及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-04-21 02:28

本文选题：阴道微生态 + 菌群失调　；参考：《山东医药》2017年20期

【摘要】：目的探讨外阴疾病患者阴道微生态状况及其影响因素。方法选取以外阴不适(外阴瘙痒,阴道分泌物增多、有异味)就诊的患者5 538例,年龄18~78岁。均取阴道分泌物,检测阴道微生态状况及阴道乳酸杆菌检出率,分析年龄、避孕方式与外阴疾病者阴道微生态状况及乳酸杆菌检出情况的关系。结果阴道微生态正常1 568例(28.3%);异常2 447例(44.2%),其中细菌性阴道病855例(15.4%)、外阴假丝酵母菌病638例(11.5%)、滴虫阴道炎63例(1.1%)、需氧菌性阴道炎120例(2.1%)、细胞溶解性阴道病8例(0.1%)、混合感染282例(5.1%)、菌群抑制481例(8.7%);阴道微生态失调(微生态状况异常,但未明确感染)1 523例(27.5%)。50~78岁年龄段者阴道乳酸杆菌检出率(42.9%)低于其他年龄段者(P均0.05)。采用避孕套避孕的外阴疾病患者阴道乳酸杆菌检出率(75.2%)高于口服避孕药(53.1%)和宫内节育器(61.6%)避孕者(P均0.05)。细菌性阴道病、外阴假丝酵母菌病、滴虫阴道炎患者阴道乳酸杆菌检出率均低于阴道微生态正常人群(P均0.05),细菌性阴道病患者检出率明显低于外阴假丝酵母菌病患者(P0.05)。结论外阴不适患者多数存在阴道微生态平衡失调,易引发细菌性阴道病、外阴假丝酵母菌病等阴道炎症;年龄50岁、采用口服避孕药和宫内节育器避孕及细菌性阴道病、假丝酵母菌病等阴道炎症者阴道乳酸杆菌数量少,是阴道微生态失调的主要影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the vaginal microecology of vulvar disease patients and its influencing factors. Methods 5538 patients with vulvar discomfort (vulva pruritus, vaginal discharge increased, smell) were selected, aged 1878 years. The vaginal microecological status and the detection rate of Lactobacillus vaginalis were detected. The relationship between age, contraceptive methods and vaginal microecological status and detection of Lactobacillus in vulva disease patients was analyzed. Results there were 1 568 cases of normal vaginal microecology, 2 447 cases of abnormal vaginitis, including 855 cases of bacterial vaginosis, 638 cases of vulvar candidiasis, 63 cases of trichomonas vaginitis, 120 cases of aerobic vaginitis, 8 cases of cytolytic vaginosis, and 0.1% of them, respectively, among them, 1 568 cases were normal, 2 447 cases were abnormal, 8 cases were bacterial vaginosis, 638 cases were Candida vulva mycelia, 63 cases were trichomonal vaginitis, 120 cases were aerobic vaginitis, and 8 cases were cytolytic vaginosis. 282 cases of mixed infection, 481 cases of bacteriological inhibition, and 8.7% of vaginal microecology. However, the detection rate of Lactobacillus vaginalis in 1 523 cases of undefined infection was lower than that of other age groups (P < 0.05). The detection rate of Lactobacillus vaginalis in the age group of 78 years old was lower than that in the other age groups (P < 0.05). The detection rate of Lactobacillus vaginalis in vulvar disease patients using condom was higher than that of oral contraceptive pill (53.1%) and intrauterine contraceptive device (61.6%). The detection rate of Lactobacillus vaginalis in patients with bacterial vaginosis, vulvar candidiasis and trichomonas vaginitis was lower than that in normal vaginal microecological population (P 0.05), and the detection rate of bacterial vaginosis was significantly lower than that in vulvar Candida cerevitis patients (P 0.05). Conclusion most of the patients with vulvar discomfort have vaginal microecological imbalance, which may lead to vaginal inflammation, such as bacterial vaginosis, vulvar candidiasis, etc. The patients are 50 years old and use oral contraceptives and intrauterine devices for contraception and bacterial vaginosis. The number of lactobacillus vaginalis in patients with vaginal inflammation such as Candida cerevitis is low, which is the main influencing factor of vaginal microecological disorder.
【作者单位】：云南省第一人民医院;
【分类号】：R711.3

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