海淀区体检已婚育龄妇女不孕症现状调查

发布时间：2018-05-10 15:20

本文选题：海淀区 + 不孕症　；参考：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的调查北京市海淀区体检育龄妇女不孕症患病及不孕症妇女及配偶的社会人口学特征、健康状况和不良因素暴露情况,同时了解海淀区不孕症妇女就医状况,比较原发和继发不孕症的相关影响因素,为本地区不孕症的防治提供科学依据。方法本研究于2011年4月至9月,对到北京市海淀区10家医疗机构中前来进行健康体检的妇女进行登记询问,从中筛选出在2010年3月1日到2011年2月28日期间未避孕的20-49岁已婚妇女作为研究对象。通过问卷调查形式收集研究对象的一般情况、健康情况、不良因素暴露情况、月经情况、既往史、月经情况、婚育情况、配偶情况。对收集的调查问卷采用EpiData3.1进行双录入,采用SPSS17.0进行分析和统计。结果 1.不孕症患病率：在海淀区10家医疗机构对20-49岁的已婚妇女11727人进行了询问登记。筛出“一年内未避孕”者1016人,其中有不孕症妇女912人。不孕症粗患病率为7.8%,年龄标化率为7.0%,其中原发性不孕症妇女148人,粗患病率为1.3%,年龄标化率为1.5%；继发性不孕症764人,粗患病率为6.5%,年龄标化率为5.5%。 2.不孕症妇女及配偶的社会人口学特征、不良因素暴露情况及健康状况 (1)不孕症妇女平均年龄(38.15±6.80)岁,高中及以上文化程度为主,占76.6%；家庭人均年收入5000以上者89.9%；国家及企事业单位及专业技术人员50.4%；有78.4%的人不经常参加体育活动；超重妇女为32.1%,低体重者6.8%。有放射性物质或有毒物质接触史的人占5.3%；所有妇女均不吸烟；饮酒者占24.0%。 82.5%的妇女月经初潮年龄在11-15岁,5.7%的妇女月经初潮为17岁及以上；36.0%的妇女月经异常,其中月经周期异常、月经量异常及痛经的发生率分别为20.2%、22.1%和49.1%。性生活频率每周≥1次的人数所占比例为61.0%。不孕症妇女中有妇科疾病史者517人,占56.7%,其中宫颈炎患病率19.2%(175/912)。15.7%的妇女有妇科手术史,行子宫肌瘤摘除术的比例为10.8%。继发不孕症妇女中有流产史者占50.7%,流产中以人工流产所占比例最高,为72.6%。 (2)不孕症患者配偶年龄分布：最小21岁,最大73岁,平均(40.06±7.07)；专科及以上受教育程度所占比例最高,为57.9%。从事国家及企事业单位及专业技术的人所占的比例最高,为52.1%；超重及肥胖者占59.6%。有毒物或放射线接触的人为25人,占2.7%。吸烟的有425人,占46.6%。有饮酒史的人数占到了53.9%。生殖系统疾病史者占2.5%。有1.8%的人有生殖系统手术史。 3.原发不孕症和继发不孕症的相关因素比较 (1)单因素结果显示：与原发不孕症相比,继发不孕者中妇女年龄≥37岁、受教育程度较低(高中以下)、体重异常、有饮酒史、月经初潮年龄在11岁以下和15岁以上、有妇科手术史、性生活频率1次/周、配偶年龄40岁、配偶受教育程度较低(高中以下)、配偶体重异常、配偶有吸烟史、配偶有饮酒史者比例高,差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。与继发不孕相比,原发不孕者中妇女受教育程度较高(高中及以上)、国家及企事业单位职工、有严重痛经、配偶受教育程度较高(高中及以上),配偶为国家及企事业单位职工,配偶接触过有毒及放射物质及患有生殖系统疾病比例高,差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。 (2)多因素结果显示：妇女有痛经史可能与原发性不孕有关(OR=3.57,95%CI=1.65-7.74,P=0.001)；与继发性不孕可能相关的因素包括妇女年龄≥37岁(OR=2.19,95%CI=1.09-4.41, P=0.028)；配偶年龄40岁者(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.46-2.36,P=0.000)；配偶吸烟者(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.07-3.06, P=0.027)。 4.不孕症妇女就医情况有133名妇女有生育意愿,占14.6%,其中80人就医,就医率为60.2%。结论本调查显示,海淀区10家医疗机构的体检妇女不孕症患病与全国不孕症患病率基本一致。不孕症妇女月经异常、有妇科疾病史者、流产史及配偶中超重及肥胖、吸烟饮酒史等发生率较高,可能是其危险因素。不孕症妇女生育意愿较低影响其就医行为。有必要进一步开展深入研究分析不孕症的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the social demographic characteristics, health status and adverse factors of infertility women and their spouses in Haidian District, Beijing, and to understand the medical status of women with infertility in Haidian District, and to compare the related factors of primary and secondary infertility, and provide a scientific method for the prevention and treatment of infertility in the region. Basis.
Methods from April 2011 to September, the women who came to 10 medical institutions in Haidian District, Beijing, were registered and questioned. From March 1, 2010 to February 28, 2011, the 20-49 year old married women who were not contraceptive were selected as the research object. The general situation of the subjects was collected through the questionnaire survey. The health status, the exposure of adverse factors, menstruation, past history, menstruation, marriage and childbirth, and spouse situation. The questionnaires were collected by EpiData3.1, and SPSS17.0 was used for analysis and statistics.
Result
1. the prevalence rate of infertility: 11727 married women 20-49 years old were registered in 10 medical institutions in Haidian District. There were 1016 unpregnant women in one year. Among them, there were 912 infertile women. The incidence of infertility was 7.8%, and the age standardized rate was 7%, of which the primary infertility women were 148, the prevalence rate was 1.3%, age scale. The rate of conversion was 1.5%, and secondary infertility was 764, the crude prevalence rate was 6.5%, and the age standardized rate was 5.5%.
2. socio demographic characteristics, risk factors exposure and health status of infertile women and spouses
(1) women with infertility
The average age was (38.15 + 6.80) years, high school and above, accounting for 76.6%, 89.9% of the average annual income of more than 5000 in the family, and 50.4% of the state and enterprise and professional technical personnel; 78.4% of the people did not often participate in sports activities; the overweight women were 32.1%, and the low weight was 6.8%..
5.3% of people who had history of exposure to radioactive substances or toxic substances did not smoke; women accounted for 24.0%.
The age of menarche in 82.5% women was 11-15 years old, 5.7% of women's menarche was 17 years old and above, 36% of women had abnormal menstruation, including abnormal menstrual cycle, abnormal menstruation and dysmenorrhea 20.2%, 22.1% and 49.1%. sex frequency more than 1 times a week in women with gynecologic diseases in 61.0%. infertility. A history of 517 people, accounting for 56.7%, of which 19.2% (175/912).15.7% of women with cervicitis (175/912) had a history of gynecologic surgery. The proportion of hysteromyoma removal was 50.7% in women with 10.8%. secondary infertility, and the highest proportion of abortion in abortion was 72.6%..
(2) spouses of infertile patients
Age distribution: the minimum 21 years, the maximum 73 years old, average (40.06 + 7.07); the highest proportion of the college and above education is the highest proportion of people engaged in the national and enterprise institutions and professional technology of 57.9%., 52.1%; overweight and obese people account for 59.6%.
25 people were exposed to toxic or radioactive exposure, accounting for 425 of 2.7%. smoking, accounting for 46.6%. of 53.9%. drinking history.
The history of reproductive system diseases accounted for 1.8% of 2.5%. and there was a history of reproductive system surgery.
3. relative factors of primary infertility and secondary infertility
(1) single factor results showed that compared with primary infertility, women in secondary infertility were older than 37 years old, low education (below high school), abnormal weight, drinking history, age of menarche under 11 years and over 15 years, with a history of gynecologic surgery, sexual frequency 1 times, 40 years of spouse, and low education (high school for high school) The proportion of abnormal spouses, smoking history of spouses, and drinking history of spouses were statistically significant (P = 0.05).
Compared with secondary infertility, women in primary infertility have higher education level (high school and above), workers in national and enterprise institutions have severe dysmenorrhea, their spouses have higher education (high school and above), spouses are workers in the state and enterprises and institutions, and their spouses have a high proportion of toxic and radioactive substances and reproductive system diseases. The statistical significance (P value was 0.05).
(2) multifactor results show that women may have a history of dysmenorrhea associated with primary infertility (OR=3.57,95%CI=1.65-7.74, P=0.001); factors associated with secondary infertility include women's older than 37 years of age (OR=2.19,95%CI=1.09-4.41, P=0.028); a spouse of 40 years of age (OR= 1.86,95%CI=1.46-2.36, P=0.000); a spouse smoker (OR=1.81,95%CI=). 1.07-3.06, P=0.027).
4. women in infertility medical treatment
There were 133 women who had fertility wish, accounting for 14.6%, of whom 80 received medical treatment, and the rate of medical treatment was 60.2%.
Conclusion the survey shows that the prevalence rate of infertility in women in 10 medical institutions in Haidian District is basically the same as that of the national infertility. The incidence of infertility women with abnormal menstruation, the history of gynecologic diseases, the history of abortion and the overweight and obesity in their spouses, the high incidence of smoking and drinking, may be the risk factors. The fertility will of women with infertility is lower. It is necessary to further study and analyze the influencing factors of infertility.

【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R711.6

【参考文献】