北方三城市孕中期妇女血矿物质元素水平分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 02:05

本文选题：矿物质元素 + 妊娠　；参考：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：矿物质元素含量对孕妇身体健康有重要作用。通过对北京四季青医院、哈尔滨南岗妇产医院、山西晋中妇幼医院孕妇矿物质元素状况进行流行病学调查,了解各城市孕中期妇女的矿物质元素水平,进一步研究矿物质元素缺乏对孕妇身体健康的影响,为孕期科学营养宣教和干预指导提供科学依据。方法：随机抽取北京四季青医院、哈尔滨南岗妇产医院、山西晋中妇幼医院,收集从2011年1月至2013年1月间在妇产科产检的孕中期(孕13-28周)样本2429例,其中北京市802例,哈尔滨市717例,晋中市910例。调查孕妇的一般情况,采用7天24小时回顾法询问填写膳食营养摄入情况,记录研究对象摄入食物的种类、摄入量和摄入频度；采集血标本测定血钙、镁、铁、锌、铜等矿物质元素水平,分析可能的膳食影响因素及矿物质元素水平异常对孕妇健康状况的影响,对获得数据用SPSS18.0统计软件进行分析。结果：1.各组孕妇的年龄、能量和营养素摄入量无显著性差异；受教育程度却存在显著性差异,北京最高,哈尔滨次之,晋中最低；职业分布也跟地域相关,北京市无业人员、企业职工、事业单位、医疗、教育等从业人员所占比例最高,哈尔滨市经商人员比例最高,山西晋中市农民所占比例最高；收入也跟地域明显相关,北京和哈尔滨的月收入集中在2000～3000元,晋中为1000～2000元。2.各城市孕中期妇女钙元素总体平均含量正常,不同城市间无差异；孕中期妇女血钙含量在不同城市25～28岁组之间没有差异,18～24岁组和29岁组在不同城市间差异显著,都是晋中最高,哈尔滨次之,北京最低；但是,钙缺乏率却是北京最低,哈尔滨次之,晋中最高；29岁更容易缺钙。3.各城市孕中期妇女镁元素总体平均含量正常,不同城市间差异不大,却十分显著,北京最高,晋中次之,哈尔滨最低；孕中期妇女血液中镁元素含量在不同城市各年龄组之间都存在明显差异,各年龄组都是北京最高,晋中次之,哈尔滨最低；但是,镁缺乏率都很低,三座城市之间没有差异。4.各城市孕中期妇女血液中铁元素总体平均含量正常,不同城市间无差异；三座城市各年龄段之间存在显著差异,都是北京最高,18～29岁之间晋中最低,29～42岁组是哈尔滨最低；但是,铁缺乏率却是北京最低,哈尔滨次之,晋中最高；25～28岁缺铁率最低。5.各城市孕中期妇女血液中铜元素总体平均含量正常,三个城市间差异明显,哈尔滨最高,北京次之,晋中最低；孕中期妇女血铜含量在不同城市25～28岁组之间没有差异,18～24岁组和29～42岁组在不同城市间差异显著,都是晋中最低；但是,铜缺乏率却是北京最低,哈尔滨次之,晋中最高；25～28岁相对容易缺铜。6.各城市孕中期妇女血液中锌元素总体平均含量正常,不同城市孕中期妇女血锌平均含量存在统计学差异,北京最高,哈尔滨次之,晋中最低；三个城市孕妇的锌含量在不同年龄组之间均存在显著差异,都是晋中最低,哈尔滨次之,北京最高；锌缺乏率却是北京最低,哈尔滨次之,晋中最高；18～24岁最容易缺锌。结论：1.三个城市孕中期妇女矿物质元素的总体平均水平正常,能量及主要营养素日摄入量没有差异；2.五种矿物质元素的缺乏率明显与地域有关,职业、受教育程度、人均月收入等是可能的影响因素。3.三个城市矿物质元素的缺乏都与年龄密切相关,这些发现对于孕中期妇女有针对性地进行矿物质元素的补充提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:Objective: the content of mineral elements plays an important role in the health of pregnant women. Through an epidemiological survey on the mineral element status of pregnant women in Sijiqing hospital in Beijing, Nangang maternity and child hospital in Harbin and Jinzhong maternal and child hospital in Shanxi, the mineral element and element level of women in the mid-term pregnancy are understood, and the lack of mineral elements for pregnancy is further studied. The influence of women's physical health provides scientific basis for scientific nutrition education and intervention guidance during pregnancy.
Methods: randomly selected Beijing Sijiqing hospital, Harbin Nangang gynecology and obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shanxi Jinzhong maternal and child hospital, collected 2429 cases of pregnancy (13-28 weeks pregnant) from January 2011 to January 2013, including 802 cases in Beijing, 717 in Harbin and 910 in Jinzhong. The general situation of pregnant women was investigated, and 24 hours of 7 days were reviewed. The method asked to fill in the dietary intake, record the types of food intake, intake and frequency of intake, and collect blood samples to determine the level of mineral elements such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and other mineral elements, analyze the effects of the possible dietary factors and the abnormal mineral elements on the health of pregnant women, and use the SPSS18.0 system to obtain data. The software is analyzed.
Results: 1. there were no significant differences in the age, energy and nutrient intake of the pregnant women in each group; there were significant differences in the education level, the highest in Beijing, the second in Harbin, the lowest in Jinzhong; the occupation distribution was also related to the region, and the proportion of employees in Beijing City, enterprise staff, career single position, medical treatment and education was the highest, Hal was the highest. The proportion of businessmen in Jinzhong city is the highest, the proportion of farmers in Jinzhong, Shanxi is the highest, the income is also closely related to the region, the monthly income of Beijing and Harbin is 2000~3000 yuan, and the average calcium content of women in the mid trimester of 1000~2000 yuan.2. is normal, and there is no difference between cities and cities. There was no difference between 25~28 years old in different cities. The difference between the 18~24 year old group and the 29 year old group was the highest in different cities, the highest in Jinzhong, the second in Harbin and the lowest in Beijing. However, the calcium deficiency rate was the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong. The average magnesium element in the middle pregnant women in the middle pregnancy of 29 years old was more likely to be normal, Different cities have little difference, but very significant, Beijing is the highest, Jinzhong is the next, and Harbin is the lowest. The content of magnesium in the blood of women in the middle of pregnancy is significantly different between different urban age groups. All age groups are the highest in Beijing, Jinzhong the next, Harbin is the lowest; however, the magnesium deficiency rate is very low, the three cities are not between. The total average iron content in the middle pregnant women of different cities was normal, and there was no difference between different cities. There were significant differences between different cities. There were significant differences between the three cities of the three cities, the highest in Beijing, the lowest in Jinzhong between 18~29 years, and the lowest in the 29~42 year old group; however, the iron deficiency rate was the lowest in Beijing, Harbin the next, Jinzhong the most. High rate of iron deficiency at the age of 25~28 was.5., the total average copper content in the middle pregnant women in each city was normal, the difference between the three cities was the highest, the highest in Harbin, the second in Beijing and the lowest in Jinzhong. There was no difference between the women in the middle pregnancy and the 25~28 year old groups in different cities, and the difference between the 18~24 year old group and the 29~42 year old group was different between the different cities. It is the lowest in Jinzhong; however, the copper deficiency rate is the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong; the average zinc content in the middle trimester of pregnant women at 25~28 years old is normal, and the average content of zinc in the middle pregnant women in different cities is statistically different, Beijing is the highest, Harbin the next, Jin. Among the three urban pregnant women, there were significant differences in zinc content between different age groups, the lowest in Jinzhong, the second in Harbin, the highest in Beijing, the lowest in Beijing, the second in Harbin and the highest in Jinzhong, and the most vulnerable to zinc deficiency at the age of 18~24.
Conclusion: 1. the average average level of mineral elements in women in the middle of three cities is normal, and there is no difference in energy and primary nutrition daily intake. The lack of 2. five mineral elements is obviously related to the region. The occupational, educational level and per capita monthly income are the possible factors for the deficiency of the mineral elements in the three cities of.3. and three cities. Age is closely related. These findings provide a theoretical basis for supplementation of mineral elements in pregnant women in the second trimester.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R715.3

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