不同化疗模式对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤中ALDH1表达的影响
发布时间:2018-06-08 00:19
本文选题:卵巢上皮性癌 + SKOV3细胞 ; 参考:《河北医科大学》2014年硕士论文
【摘要】:卵巢上皮性癌(epithelial ovarian cancer, EOC)占卵巢恶性肿瘤的90%,是生殖道恶性肿瘤中死亡率最高的疾病。目前临床病例治疗的标准是彻底的肿瘤细胞减灭术和含铂类药物的多疗程联合化疗,通常采用间断的顺铂(cisplatin,DDP)最大可耐受剂量(maximum tolerated dose, MTD),然而,肿瘤复发仍是不可避免的,5年生存率一直徘徊在30%。肿瘤干细胞学说认为肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)是存在于肿瘤内的少数细胞,这些细胞具有无限增殖、自我更新及多向分化潜能,是肿瘤无限增殖、复发和转移的根源[1]。传统化疗模式毒副作用较大,且容易产生肿瘤耐药。近年来,一种新的化疗模式—节拍化疗(metronomic chemotherapy)即低剂量节拍(low-dose metronomic, LDM)化疗,采用低剂量(化疗药物常规剂量的1/3-1/10),持续性或高频率给药[2]。LDM化疗模式毒副作用较小,逐渐被应用于肿瘤治疗,并在多种肿瘤治疗中取得较好的疗效。 乙醛脱氢酶1(Aldehyde dehydrogenase1,ALDH1)是一类位于细胞浆内的酶类,广泛分布于不同的组织,具有高氧化活性,参与视黄醇氧化为视黄酸的过程。近年来,ALDH1的活性作为多种肿瘤干细胞的标志物,如肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、头颈部肿瘤、黑色素瘤、卵巢癌等[3]。有研究认为,ALDH1是存在于所有卵巢肿瘤组织及现有的卵巢肿瘤细胞系中唯一的有干细胞潜能的标志物[4]。所以,我们利用人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3建立裸鼠异种移植瘤模型,通过顺铂的MTD化疗和LDM化疗,观察不同化疗模式对裸鼠异种移植瘤的影响,并通过流式细胞分选术(fluorescence-activated cell sorting FACS)分选得到ALDH1阳性(ALDH1+)细胞,鉴定其是否具有肿瘤干细胞的特性,观察不同化疗模式对ALDH1表达的影响,进而寻找更有效的治疗方法,为卵巢癌的临床治疗提供新的思路。 目的:通过使用顺铂对荷人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞裸鼠异种移植瘤模型进行不同化疗,分析不同化疗模式对移植瘤的作用效果及对移植瘤中ALDH1表达的影响,分离并鉴定ALDH1+细胞的肿瘤干细胞样特性,从而推测不同化疗模式对卵巢癌移植瘤的生物学特性的影响。 方法: 1建立裸鼠异种移植瘤模型:培养SKOV3细胞,将1×107个细胞,0.2mlPBS重悬,,接种于30只4-6周雌性裸鼠右侧的大腿皮下,建立裸鼠异种移植瘤模型。将30只荷瘤裸鼠随机分成3组:MTD-DDP组,DDP3mg/kg,1/3天,腹腔注射,共计6次;LDM-DDP组,DDP1mg/kg,1/1天,腹腔注射,共计18天;对照组即空白对照组。 2利用流式细胞分选术检测并分选MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组和对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中ALDH1阳性(ALDH1+)细胞及ALDH1阴性(ALDH1-)细胞。使用ALDH1抗体标记原代细胞,通过流式细胞检测,荧光表达较强的细胞群为ALDH1阳性(ALDH1+)细胞,荧光表达较弱的细胞群为ALDH1阴性(ALDH1-)细胞。 3采用体外平板克隆形成实验检测从MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞的克隆形成率。 4采用裸鼠体内成瘤能力实验检测从MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞及ALDH1-细胞皮下成瘤情况。 5采用Western blot方法检测从MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞中增殖细胞核抗原Ki-67、乳腺癌耐药蛋白(breast cancer resistant protein,BCRP)及CD133的表达情况。 6统计学方法:采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行数据统计,计量资料以均数±标准差表示,方差齐性检验,三组以上采用方差分析,组间差异采用LSD法,两组数据比较采用t检验,以α0.05为检验水准,当P<0.05时,差异有统计学意义;当P>0.05时,差异无统计学意义。 结果: 1不同化疗模式对裸鼠皮下移植瘤的影响情况 MTD-DDP组与LDM-DDP组对裸鼠的移植瘤生长均有抑制作用,裸鼠移植瘤的平均体积均显著小于对照组(P 0.05,P 0.05)。MTD-DDP组抑瘤率为22.05%,LDM-DDP抑瘤率为44.02%,MTD-DDP组裸鼠移植瘤的平均体积与LDM-DDP组裸鼠移植瘤的平均体积差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。 2MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中ALDH1+细胞的表达情况 通过流式细胞分选术检测ALDH1+细胞在MTD-DDP组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中所占比率(0.72%)显著高于其在对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中所占比率(0.43%,P 0.05);然而,ALDH1+细胞在LDM-DDP组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中所占比率(0.25%)显著低于其在对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中所占比率(0.43%,P 0.05)。这表明MTD-DDP组富集肿瘤干细胞样细胞,而LDM-DDP组则减少肿瘤干细胞样细胞的表达。 3ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞体外形成克隆情况: 由MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞和ALDH1-细胞的克隆形成率分别为48.53%、6.53%,两种细胞克隆形成率比较差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。这提示ALDH1+细胞具有较高的克隆形成能力,而ALDH1-细胞则具有较低的克隆形成能力。 4ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞在裸鼠体内的成瘤情况 5000个由MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组和对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞分别接种裸鼠大腿皮下,6周后ALDH1+细胞的成瘤率为40%(2/5),ALDH1-细胞未成瘤(0/5)。 将10000个由MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组和对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞分别接种裸鼠大腿皮下,6周后ALDH1+细胞的成瘤率为80%(4/5),ALDH1-细胞未成瘤(0/5)。结果显示,ALDH1+细胞具有体内成瘤能力,而ALDH1-细胞不具有体内成瘤能力。 5Ki-67、BCRP及CD133在ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞中的表达情况 通过Western blot方法检测Ki-67在由MTD-DDP组、LDM-DDP组与对照组裸鼠移植瘤原代细胞中分选得到后并混合的ALDH1-细胞中表达较多,而在ALDH1+细胞中表达较少。而BCRP与CD133均在ALDH1+细胞中高表达,而在ALDH1-细胞中表达较少。Ki-67、BCRP及CD133这三种蛋白在ALDH1+细胞与ALDH1-细胞中的相对表达量比较差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。 结论: 1ALDH1+细胞有明显的平板克隆能力及体内成瘤能力,并且高表达BCRP与CD133,而Ki-67表达较低,这表明ALDH1+细胞具有CSC样的部分特性,可以作为卵巢癌CSC潜在的标志物。 2MTD化疗使卵巢癌中ALDH1+细胞增多,说明MTD化疗对CSC样细胞有一定程度的富集作用,这可能与肿瘤复发、耐药等有关; LDM化疗可使ALDH1+细胞减少,说明LDM化疗可降低CSC样细胞,这将有可能会减少耐药性、降低复发率,进而改善患者预后。
[Abstract]:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), which accounts for 90% of the malignant tumor of the ovary, is the most fatal disease in the malignant tumor of the reproductive tract. The standard of treatment for clinical cases is thorough tumor cell subtraction and multi course combined chemotherapy containing platinum drugs, usually the largest tolerable agent of discontinuous cisplatin (cisplatin, DDP) is used. Maximum tolerated dose, MTD), however, tumor recurrence is still inevitable, the 5 year survival rate has been hovering in the 30%. tumor stem cell theory that the cancer stem cells (cancer stem cells, CSC) are the few cells in the tumor. These cells have unlimited proliferation, self renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential, which is the infinite proliferation of tumors. The root cause of hair and metastasis is [1]. traditional chemotherapy model toxic side effects and easy to produce tumor resistance. In recent years, a new mode of chemotherapy - metronomic chemotherapy (low-dose metronomic, LDM) chemotherapy, low dose (1/3-1/10) of low dose (chemotherapy drug routine dose 1/3-1/10), continuous or high frequency drug [2]. LDM chemotherapy has less toxic and side effects, and has been gradually applied to cancer treatment.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase1, ALDH1) is a class of enzymes in the cytoplasm, widely distributed in different tissues, with high oxidative activity and in the oxidation of retinol to retinoic acid. In recent years, the activity of ALDH1 has been used as a marker for a variety of tumor stem cells, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and head. [3]. in cervical tumors, melanoma, ovarian cancer and other studies suggest that ALDH1 is the only marker of stem cell potential in all ovarian tumor tissues and existing ovarian tumor cell lines, so we use human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 to establish xenotransplantation tumor model in nude mice, by MTD chemotherapy with cisplatin and LDM chemotherapy. The effects of different chemotherapy models on xenotransplantation tumor in nude mice were investigated, and ALDH1 positive (ALDH1+) cells were selected by flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting FACS) to identify the characteristics of the tumor stem cells, and to observe the effects of different chemotherapy modes on the expression of ALDH1, and to find a more effective treatment method. The clinical treatment of ovarian cancer provides a new way of thinking.
Objective: to analyze the effect of different chemotherapeutic modes on the transplanted tumor and the effect on the expression of ALDH1 in the transplanted tumor by using cisplatin in the xenotransplantation tumor model of nude mice with human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells, and to isolate and identify the tumor stem cell like characteristics of ALDH1+ cells, so as to speculate on the different chemotherapeutic modes for ovarian cancer transplantation tumor. The effects of biological characteristics.
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