当前位置:主页 > 医学论文 > 妇产科论文 >

瘦素与脂蛋白酯酶、肝酯酶在妊娠期糖尿病脂代谢紊乱中的作用研究

发布时间:2018-06-15 08:08

  本文选题:妊娠期糖尿病 + 瘦素 ; 参考:《第三军医大学》2014年硕士论文


【摘要】:研究背景与目的: 妊娠期糖尿病(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠期特发的糖代谢异常性内分泌疾病,是妊娠期常见的并发症之一。GDM发病率逐年增高,已影响了全球3-5%的妊娠期妇女,对孕妇及胎儿的健康造成了严重的威胁。 瘦素是调节能量和脂肪代谢的重要因子,胰岛素是糖脂代谢的关键物质。国内、外多项研究表明,瘦素与胰岛素存在双向调节作用,GDM时这种调节作用失衡,出现高瘦素血症及高胰岛素血症。过高水平的胰岛素不能对甘油三酯(TG)的合成与分解代谢发挥正常的生理作用,从而导致GDM患者血中的TG水平异常升高。然而,这不能合理解释经过饮食及胰岛素治疗后血糖得到良好控制的GDM孕妇,TG仍有显著改变的现象,说明可能有其他的原因导致了GDM孕妇的脂质代谢异常。 脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)是调节脂类代谢的关键酶,分别催化乳糜微粒(CM)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)内核的甘油三脂(TG)水解。已有研究表明,LPL、HL含量或活性降低可使脂质清除能力下降,导致TG的升高及代谢紊乱。目前,对瘦素与LPL、HL之间的相关性、是否与GDM的脂代谢紊乱发生、发展有关,国内外研究尚未提出此观点。 本课题通过细胞培养及动物模型研究瘦素与LPL、HL及脂代谢的相关性,以及高浓度瘦素是否通过改变LPL、HL的活性来改善脂代谢紊乱,对GDM的病理生理机制及可能的治疗新方法作初步的探索。 方法: 一、细胞实验: 用1×10-6mol/L的胰岛素处理LO2细胞48小时,构建胰岛素抵抗(InsulinResistance,IR)的肝细胞模型(LO2-I);采用葡萄糖氧化酶-过氧化物酶法(GOD-POD)进行细胞模型鉴定。收集LO2细胞和LO2-I细胞,采用RT-PCR和WB检测细胞内LPL、HL mRNA和蛋白质相对表达量,用油红染色法观测细胞内脂肪含量。分别于两组细胞中加入含有0,50,100,250μg/L瘦素(Leptin)培养24小时,检测LPL和HLmRNA和蛋白质含量,及细胞内脂肪的堆积情况。将浓度为100μg/L瘦素培养下的LO2-I细胞分三组进行培养,一组加入单纯培养基,一组加入仅含有100μg/L瘦素的培养基,一组加入含有100μg/L瘦素及2μmol/L瘦素拮抗剂(Leptin-A)的培养基,分别培养24小时,并检测三组LPL和HLmRNA和蛋白质表达量,及细胞内脂肪的堆积情况,,以了解瘦素对体外培养肝细胞脂代谢的影响。 二、动物实验: 将C57BL/KSJ野生型(Lepr+/+)(A组)、杂合型(Lepr db/+)(B组)雌鼠分别与野生型Lepr+/+雄鼠合笼;眼眶采血,离心法收集血清;ELISA检测A组,B组小鼠非孕期以及孕期血清瘦素、胰岛素、LPL、HL、TG、FFA的含量;酶活力检测试剂盒检测LPL和HL酶活力。妊娠前后分别向两组小鼠体内注射5mg/kg·day的瘦素,隔日搜集血清,检测LPL、HL酶含量和活性,以了解瘦素对Lepr+/+和Lepr db/+小鼠脂代谢的影响。 结果: 一、细胞实验结果:1、经胰岛素处理的LO2—I细胞糖耐量显著低于LO2细胞,表明IR形成,细胞模型建立成功。2、LO2—I细胞LPL、HL mRNA和蛋白质相对表达量显著低于正常LO2细胞,且细胞中油红O油脂染色明显增高。3、不同浓度瘦素处理后,LO2-I细胞内LPL、HL mRNA及蛋白的表达水平有所增高,细胞内脂肪堆积量不同程度减少,尤其以100μg/L瘦素浓度下效果最为明显。4、瘦素+瘦素拮抗剂组LPL、HLmRNA及蛋白的表达及脂肪含量无明显增加。 二、动物实验结果:1、Lepr db/+小鼠(GDM小鼠)非孕期及孕期的血清瘦素浓度均高于Lepr+/+小鼠(正常小鼠),但Lepr db/+小鼠仅在孕期出现糖尿病表现:血胰岛素升高和葡萄糖耐受降低, TG明显升高,LPL、HL单位酶活力均显著降低;2、向两组非孕期和孕期小鼠体内分别注射5mg/kg·day的瘦素后,LPL、HL的酶活力均有所增加,非孕期GDM鼠与正常鼠无明显差异,但GDM鼠孕期注射瘦素以后,LPL、HL酶活力的增加不及正常鼠(P0.01)。 结论: 1.在胰岛素抵抗的肝细胞中,LPL、HL活性降低,脂肪分解减少,细胞内脂肪堆积; 2.一定浓度的瘦素可增加胰岛素抵抗肝细胞中LPL、HL的表达,降低细胞内油脂堆积; 3. GDM小鼠孕期LPL、HL活性降低,脂肪分解减少,引起脂代谢紊乱。 4.瘦素可增加GDM小鼠孕期LPL和HL的活性,改善脂代谢紊乱,为GDM的治疗提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Research background and purpose:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism during pregnancy. It is one of the common complications of pregnancy, and the incidence of.GDM is increasing year by year. It has affected the global 3-5% pregnant women and poses a serious threat to the health of pregnant women and the fetus.
Leptin is an important factor in regulating energy and fat metabolism. Insulin is a key substance in glycolipid metabolism. A number of domestic studies have shown that leptin and insulin have a bidirectional regulation effect. When GDM is unbalanced, hyperleptin and hyperinsulinemia occur. High levels of insulin can not be used in the synthesis of triglycerides (TG). Catabolism plays a normal physiological role, which leads to abnormal elevated levels of TG in the blood of GDM patients. However, this does not reasonably explain GDM pregnant women who have good control of blood sugar after diet and insulin treatment. TG still has a significant change, suggesting that there may be other causes of abnormal lipid metabolism in GDM pregnant women.
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), liver lipase (HL), a key enzyme for regulating lipid metabolism, catalyzes the hydrolysis of chylous particles (CM), extremely low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) kernel, respectively. The hydrolysis of glycerol three (TG) in the core of high density lipoprotein (HDL) has been studied. It has been shown that the decrease of LPL, HL content or viability can cause the decrease of lipid clearance, leading to the increase of TG and metabolic disorders. Whether the correlation between leptin and LPL and HL is related to the occurrence and development of lipid metabolism disorder in GDM has not been put forward at home and abroad.
This topic studies the correlation between leptin and LPL, HL and lipid metabolism through cell culture and animal models, as well as whether the high concentration leptin can improve the lipid metabolism disorder by changing the activity of LPL and HL, and preliminarily explores the pathophysiological mechanism of GDM and the possible new treatment methods.
Method锛

本文编号:2021340

资料下载
论文发表

本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/fuchankeerkelunwen/2021340.html


Copyright(c)文论论文网All Rights Reserved | 网站地图 |

版权申明:资料由用户ee9e0***提供,本站仅收录摘要或目录,作者需要删除请E-mail邮箱bigeng88@qq.com