建立检测弓形虫免疫球蛋白M抗体酶联免疫吸附测定方法的研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 17:23

本文选题：优生优育 + TORCH　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：计划生育是我国的基本国策,优生优育是其具体内涵的延伸,优生优育工作开展的好坏不但影响人口素质的提高,而且与人口的发展息息相关,对未来中华民族的社会发展具有举足轻重的作用。产前筛查是优生优育工作中的重要措施,可以预防可能发生的出生缺陷。弓形虫是刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)的简称,这种寄生虫常常存在于人和动物的有核细胞内,可以导致人兽共患的寄生虫病。当宿主的免疫功能因为一些因素的影响受到抑制的时候,可能会引起组织和多脏器的损伤,引发获得性弓形虫病。这种病甚至在宿主的免疫功能衰竭时迅速播散,造成致死性感染。如果弓形虫通过孕妇的胎盘传给胎儿,会使胎儿罹患先天性弓形虫病。所以研究弓形虫病的筛查,对优生优育工作具有重要意义。TORCH是几种较常见并且重要的子宫内感染因素的缩写。“T”是弓形虫的缩写,“0”是其他病原微生物的缩写,“R”是风疹病毒的缩写,“C”是巨细胞病毒的缩写,“H”是单纯疱疹病毒的缩写。TORCH感染可导致新生儿多器官的损害,甚至引发一系列严重的后遗症,对新生儿的健康带来危害。所以,针对优生优育工作进行相应的血清学筛查不但重要而且非常必要。临床医务工作者应该积极开展相应的血清学筛查,对不良妊娠做到“早发现、早处理”,以降低病残儿的出生率,对出生人口素质的提高做好保障。现阶段,在我国的早期筛查中,广泛应用ELISA酶联免疫检测技术,对人体血清中的特异性IgM、IgG抗体进行检测。其中IgM为早期感染的重要指标,对新生儿的健康具有非常重要的意义,因此IgM的检测尤为重要。对胎儿宫内感染的诊断来说,检测胎盘中的特异性IgM可靠性更高。临床广泛采用的ELISA酶联免疫诊断技术具有灵敏度高、特异性好、试剂稳定及成本低廉等优点。本文研制的弓形虫免疫球蛋白M抗体酶联免疫检测试剂盒利用捕获法来定性检测人血清或血浆中的弓形虫免疫球蛋白M抗体。这对于通过血清学研究来判断人体对弓形虫感染的免疫情况以及是否初次感染有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Family planning is the basic national policy of our country, and eugenics are the extension of its specific connotations. The quality of the work of eugenics and eugenics not only affects the improvement of the quality of the population, but also is closely related to the development of the population. It will play an important role in the future social development of the Chinese nation. Prenatal screening is an important measure to prevent possible birth defects. Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasma gondii) is short for Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii often exist in the nucleated cells of human and animal, which can lead to zoonotic parasite disease. When the host's immune function is inhibited by some factors, it may cause tissue and multiple organ damage and lead to acquired toxoplasmosis. The disease spreads rapidly even when the host's immune system fails, causing fatal infections. If Toxoplasma gondii passes through the placenta of a pregnant woman, it can cause congenital toxoplasmosis. So to study the screening of Toxoplasma gondii is of great significance to eugenics and eugenics. Torch is the abbreviation of several common and important intrauterine infection factors. "T" is the abbreviation of Toxoplasma gondii and "0" is the abbreviation of other pathogenic microorganisms. "R" is the abbreviation of rubella virus, "C" is the abbreviation of cytomegalovirus, "H" is the abbreviation of herpes simplex virus. It is harmful to the health of newborns. Therefore, the corresponding serological screening for eugenic and eugenic work is not only important but also very necessary. In order to reduce the birth rate of sick and disabled children and improve the quality of birth population, clinical medical workers should actively carry out serological screening and do "early detection and early treatment" of bad pregnancy. At present, Elisa enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) is widely used in early screening in China to detect the specific IgG antibody in human serum. IgM is an important indicator of early infection, which is of great significance to the health of newborns, so the detection of IgM is particularly important. Detection of specific IgM in the placenta is more reliable for the diagnosis of fetal intrauterine infection. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), which is widely used in clinic, has the advantages of high sensitivity, good specificity, stable reagent and low cost. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit of Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin M antibody developed in this paper was used to qualitatively detect Toxoplasma immunoglobulin M antibody in human serum or plasma by capture method. This is of great significance to determine the immune status of Toxoplasma gondii infection and whether it is infected for the first time through serological research.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R446.6;R714.25

【参考文献】