门诊妊娠糖尿病患者营养状况调查研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 16:53

【摘要】：目的探讨妊娠糖尿病(GDM)患者孕中期的膳食营养状况,为GDM干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法选取2014年1—6月于郑州人民医院门诊行产前检查并确诊为GDM的孕妇92例为研究对象(GDM组),另选取同期健康孕妇92例为对照组。采用问卷调查的方法,收集年龄、身高、孕前体质量及孕中期血清总蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(Alb)和血红蛋白(Hb)水平。以食物模型和食物比例图谱辅助孕妇回忆调查前3 d的24 h食物及分量,详细记录每日各类食物摄入量,采用中西医结合营养治疗计算机专家系统(NCCW)进行营养素计算。结果 GDM组年龄、孕前体质量和孕前体质指数(BMI)大于对照组(t=5.853、2.955、3.948,P0.05)。GDM组TP异常率、Alb营养不良率高于对照组(χ2=4.056、29.164,P0.05)。GDM组能量摄入量高于参考摄入量1 852 kcal(t=20.574,P0.001);蛋白质摄入量与参考摄入量93 g比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.872,P=0.384),但低于参考产热比20%(t=7.442,P0.001);脂肪摄入量低于参考摄入量62 g(t=4.812,P0.001),与参考产热比30%比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.731,P=0.466);碳水化合物摄入量高于参考摄入量232 g,且高于产热比50%(t=8.031,t=6.942,P0.001)。GDM组能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物摄入量均高于对照组(t=14.761、2.968、3.356、4.905,P0.05),碳水化合物产热比高于对照组(P0.05)。结论 GDM患者年龄和BMI较大,蛋白质营养不良发生率较高,膳食营养素结构比例不合理。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the dietary nutrition status of (GDM) patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of intervention measures for GDM. Methods 92 pregnant women (GDM group) and 92 healthy pregnant women (control group) were selected from January to June 2014 in Zhengzhou people's Hospital for prenatal examination and diagnosed as GDM. Age, height, prepregnancy weight, serum total protein (TP), albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were collected by questionnaire. Food model and food proportion map were used to assist pregnant women to recall the 24 h food and their components 3 days before investigation. The daily food intake was recorded in detail. The nutrition was calculated by the computer expert system (NCCW) of integrated Chinese and western medicine nutrition therapy. Results the age, body mass and body mass index (BMI) in GDM group were higher than those in control group (tn 5.853n2.955v 3.948g). The abnormal rate of TP in GDM group was higher than that in control group (蠂 2 4.05629.164 P 0.05). The energy intake of GDM group was higher than that of reference intake 1 852 kcal (t 20.574P0.001), and the protein intake was 93 g higher than that of reference intake. The difference was not statistically significant (t = 0.872), but lower than the reference heat production ratio of 20% (t = 7.442, P 0.001), and the fat intake was lower than the reference intake of 62 g (t = 4.812, P 0.001), which was compared with the reference heat production ratio of 30%. The carbohydrate intake was 232g higher than the reference intake, and higher than 50% (t 8.031t 6.942g P0.001). The intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate in the GDM group was higher than that in the control group (t _ (14.7612.968) 3.3564.905P 0.05), and the carbohydrate yield / heat ratio was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion the age and BMI of patients with GDM are larger, the incidence of protein malnutrition is higher, and the proportion of dietary nutrients is unreasonable.
【作者单位】：郑州人民医院营养科;
【分类号】：R714.256

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