妊娠合并急性肾盂肾炎的临床特点及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 08:17

【摘要】：目的了解妊娠合并急性肾盂肾炎的临床特点,并探讨其影响因素。方法以2010年8月—2014年8月在宁波市第一医院就诊的182例妊娠期急性肾盂肾炎患者为观察组,以同时期在该院就诊但未合并感染性疾病的164例妊娠期妇女为对照组。通过查阅电子病历的方法,收集两组患者临床资料,包括年龄、职业、文化程度、妊娠分期、合并症、实验室检查指标;同时收集观察组患者的临床表现、超声检查结果、治疗与转归情况。结果 (1)观察组182例患者均有畏寒发热、寒战、头痛、全身酸痛等感染中毒症状,伴腰痛的患者数为135例(占74.2%),无尿路刺激症状的患者数为97例(占53.3%);116例(占63.7%)患者的血红蛋白(Hb)≤110 g/L;所有患者的尿常规检查均呈白细胞阳性;9例(占4.9%)患者的血培养呈阳性,其中大肠埃希菌6株(占66.7%);41例(占22.5%)患者的尿培养呈阳性,其中大肠埃希菌19株(占46.3%);85例(占46.7%)患者合并肾积水;86例(占47.2%)患者采用头孢曲松进行抗感染治疗,完成随访的175例患者均治愈。(2)两组平均年龄、职业、文化程度、妊娠分期、合并症、Hb、清蛋白(Alb)比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而血肌酐(SCr)和总胆固醇(TC)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、妊娠分期、合并症及Alb对妊娠合并急性肾盂肾炎的影响有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论妊娠合并急性肾盂肾炎的起病较急,多伴高热和腰痛症状,半数以上患者无尿路刺激症状,致病菌主要为大肠埃希菌,头孢曲松等三代头孢菌素、半合成广谱青霉素、碳青霉烯类药物的治疗效果较好,治愈率较高。年龄、妊娠分期、合并症及Alb是妊娠合并急性肾盂肾炎的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the clinical features of pregnancy complicated with acute pyelonephritis and its influencing factors. Methods 182 patients with acute pyelonephritis of pregnancy were treated in the first Hospital of Ningbo from August 2010 to August 2014, and 164 pregnant women who were not associated with infectious diseases in the same period were taken as the control group. The clinical data including age, occupation, education, pregnancy staging, complications, laboratory examination, clinical manifestations and ultrasonic findings of the two groups were collected by consulting the electronic medical records. Treatment and outcome. Results (1) all the 182 patients in the observation group had symptoms of infection and poisoning, such as chills, headache, general soreness, etc. There were 135 cases (74.2%) with low back pain, 97 cases (53.3%) with no symptoms of urinary tract irritation, 116 cases (63.7%) with hemoglobin (Hb) 鈮，

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