长春市808例烧伤病例分析

发布时间：2018-04-18 05:24

本文选题：烧伤 + 原因　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的伤害已成为严重威胁人类健康与生命的重要公共卫生问题，据统计，我国每年因意外伤害的死亡人数中，烧伤仅次于交通事故排第2位。烧伤引起的死亡、肢体功能丧失、毁容等后果，给社会、家庭和个人造成极大的负担和痛苦，经常需要长期的康复期，大量的皮肤移植，极度痛苦的物理治疗，留给受害者终生的身体和心理上的创伤。不同地区、不同医疗水平，统计结果各不相同而且各具特点。本研究通过对长春市某烧伤专科医院住院病历的调查，分析各年份烧伤病例的特点、烧伤原因及影响因素，为烧伤的预防提供临床依据，并为更好地宣传预防烧伤知识提供依据。观察对象及方法 1.病例选择及调查内容调查2009-2011年长春市某烧伤医院住院的烧伤病人。其中不包括各种烧伤慢性肉芽创面患者。调查内容包括调查对象的年龄、性别、烧伤原因、烧伤深度、烧伤面积、就诊时间。 2.统计学方法调查结果采用SPSS13.0软件中的卡方检验进行统计学处理。统计学检验水准α=0.05。结果烧伤病例中，男性比例较高，小于12岁的病例明显高于大于12岁的病例比例。烧伤原因中，大部分的烧伤病例为烫伤和烧灼伤。三年中烧伤病例的性别和年龄的构成均没有明显差别（P0.05）。不同年龄的烧伤原因比较，≤12岁的病例烧灼伤明显高于其他原因导致的烧伤（P0.05）；12岁以上的病例，烫伤比例明显高于其他原因导致的烧伤（P0.05）。不同年份的烧伤原因比较，每年的烧伤病例的各种烧伤原因所占的比例均无明显差异（P0.05）。不同月份烧伤原因有明显差别（P0.05），，电击伤7-12月比例明显增加，4-6月份明显降低；1-6月份烫伤病例比较多。烧伤原因不同，烧伤面积明显不同（P0.05）。，烧伤面积为0-5%和6-15%的病例中烫伤比例最高，烧灼伤面积15%的病例中，烧灼伤比例最高。电击伤的烧伤面积均比较小。 808例烧伤病例中，不同性别、不同年龄和不同年份的病例中，其烧伤面积所占的比例无明显差别（P0.05），但三年中，不同月份烧伤病例的烧伤面积有明显差别（P0.05），主要发生在夏季和冬季。不同性别、不同年份的烧伤病例，其烧伤深度无明显差别（P0.05），主要为II度烧伤；≤12岁的烧伤病例，大于IIo烧伤的比例明显高于12岁组（P0.05）；4-6月及10-12月的烧伤病例中烧伤深度大于IIo的比例大于其他月份；烫伤的病例中，烧伤深度大于IIo的比例最高，而烧灼伤的病例深度大于IIo的比例最低（P0.05）；烧伤面积大的病例烧伤深度的比例也最高（P0.05）。结论烧伤病人中男性比例明显高于女性。年龄小于12岁的烧伤病人比例明显高于12岁以上烧伤病例的比例。其中大于12岁的烧伤病人中，烫伤比例明显高于12岁以下烧伤患者，而烧灼伤、电击伤及化学烧伤等原因造成的烧伤，12岁以下患者明显高于12岁以上患者。女性的烫伤比例明显高于男性，而电击伤和化学烧伤等男性明显高于女性。烧烧伤面积小于5%及烧伤深度≤II度的比例最高。烧伤部位中，四肢部位烧伤比例较高。但各年份烧伤病人的烧伤比例、种类没有明显差别。
[Abstract]:objective
Injury has become a serious threat to the important problem of public health, human health and life, according to statistics, China's number of deaths due to accidental injury in burn after traffic accidents each year, ranked second. The death caused by burn, loss of limb function, disfigured and other consequences, to the society, family and individual caused great burden and pain. Often need long-term rehabilitation period, a large number of skin transplantation, physical therapy extremely painful, for victims of lifelong physical and psychological trauma.
In different regions, different levels of medical statistics, but not the same characteristics. By the research of the Changchun a specialist burns hospital, analysis of the characteristics of each year of burn cases, causes and influence factors of burn, burn prevention to provide clinical basis, and provide the basis for better promotion of burn prevention knowledge.
The observation object and method
1. case selection and survey content
A survey of 2009-2011 years Changchun City Hospital Burn hospitalized burn patients. Not including chronic granulation burn patients. The survey includes the survey of age, gender, burn, burn depth, burn area, treatment time.
2. statistical methods
The investigation results in SPSS13.0 software using chi square test were used for statistical analysis. Statistical test standard a =0.05.
Result
Burn cases, a higher proportion of males were less than 12 years old was significantly higher than that in more than 12 years. The proportion of cases of burn reasons, most of the cases of burn scald and burn burn. Cases in the three years of age and sex had no significant difference (P0.05).
Comparison of burn causes of different ages, under 12 years old cases of burn was significantly higher than that of other causes of burn (P0.05); over 12 cases, scald ratio was significantly higher than that of other causes of burn (P0.05).
Comparison of cause of burns in different years, there were no significant difference between the various causes of burn burn cases every year the proportion (P0.05). There was significant difference in different months burn cause (P0.05), significantly increased the proportion of electrical injury in 7-12 month, 4-6 month decreased significantly; 1-6 month injury cases more hot.
Burn causes different burn area were significantly different (P0.05.), burn area scald ratio of 0-5% and 6-15% were the highest, burn area of 15% cases, the highest proportion of burn. Burns electric injury were relatively small.
808 cases of burn patients with different gender, different age, and different years of cases, there were no obvious differences in the proportion of burn area (P0.05), but in three years, there are obvious differences between the different months of burn cases of burn area (P0.05), mainly occurred in summer and winter.
Different gender, different years burn cases, there were no obvious differences in the depth of burn (P0.05), mainly II degree burns; burn cases under 12 years old, more than IIo of burn was significantly higher than the proportion of 12 year old group (P0.05); deep burn 4-6 months and 10-12 months of burn cases greater than IIo ratio is higher than other months scald; cases, burn depth is greater than the highest proportion of IIo, while the case depth burned more than IIo (P0.05); the lowest proportion of cases of large area burn burn depth is also the highest proportion (P0.05).
conclusion
Burn patients in the proportion of male was higher than female. Less than 12 years of age was significantly higher than the proportion of burn patients over the age of 12. The proportion of burn cases over 12 years old patients with burn, scald ratio was significantly higher than that under the age of 12 burn patients, and burn, caused by electric injury and chemical burns due to burns, 12 years old the following were significantly higher in patients over 12 years old. The proportion of female burns was significantly higher than men, and the electrical injury and chemical burn of male was significantly higher than women. Burns area is less than the proportion of 5% and a depth of less than II. The highest burn burn, burn a higher proportion of the limbs. But every year burn burn ratio, no significant difference between species.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R644

【参考文献】