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左西孟旦在急性失代偿期心力衰竭患者中应用的有效性及安全性研究

发布时间:2018-06-05 05:01

  本文选题:左西孟旦 + 急性失代偿心力衰竭 ; 参考:《河北医科大学》2013年硕士论文


【摘要】:目的:对慢性收缩性心力衰竭急性失代偿期心力衰竭患者在常规药物治疗基础上加用左西孟旦,观察左西孟旦的治疗效果以及应用的安全性。 方法:入选2011年9月至2012年12月在河北医科大学第二医院心内五科住院的慢性收缩性心力衰竭急性失代偿期患者共74例,随机分为左西孟旦组37例(排除3例于药物干预前发生心源性休克或室速患者后剩34例),平均年龄61.61±7.37岁,对照组37例(排除1例甲亢复发患者后剩36例),平均年龄60.36±7.35岁。入选标准:1、慢性收缩性心衰患者,且既往接受标准心衰治疗即使用血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB),醛固酮受体拮抗剂(MRA),β受体阻滞剂联合治疗;2、因慢性收缩性心衰急性失代偿入院;3、入院心功能NYHA Ⅲ-Ⅳ级,超声心动图示左室射血分数(LVEF)≤40%。排除标准:(1)入院后药物干预前发生心房纤颤、恶性心律失常;(2)入院后药物干预前发生心源性休克、低血压(收缩压<90mmHg,平均压<65mmHg),血容量不足;(3)易过敏体质,伴其他抗心衰药物过敏者;(4)严重电解质紊乱,严重肝、肾功能不全,血红蛋白低于90g/L者;(5)近一个月急性心肌梗死,存在心脏瓣膜病变、心包疾病、肥厚性及限制性心肌病,以及自身免疫性疾病,未控制的甲状腺疾病,有症状的肺部疾病且需使用激素、茶碱类药物治疗,合并肿瘤者;(6)年龄>80岁者;(7)患者或患者家属拒绝参加本项研究者。对照组给予标准心衰药物治疗(ACEI或ARB,MRA,β受体阻滞剂),以及利尿药物、洋地黄类药物、硝酸盐类药物等;左西孟旦组除与对照组相同的治疗外,给予左西孟旦注射液(左西孟旦注射液,悦文,齐鲁制药),首先静脉给予12μg/kg负荷量,以0.05μg/kg/min为初始剂量静脉泵点,维持剂量调整范围为0.05μg/kg/min-0.2μg/kg/min,保证收缩压≥90mmHg,平均压≥65mmHg,心率≤150次/分,在医师密切监测下调整剂量,持续24小时。观察以下指标:(1)用药前、用药后6小时、12小时、24小时、48小时患者的心率(次/分)、呼吸频率(次/分)、收缩压(mmHg)、舒张压(mmHg);(2)用药前、用药后7天患者的B型钠尿肽(BNP)值;(3)用药前、用药后7天两组患者的超声心动图中左室射血分数(LVEF%)、左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末容积(LVESV)、每搏量(SV);(4)用药前、用药后24小时、用药后7天两组患者的肾功能、肝功能、电解质、红细胞压积、血红蛋白;(5)患者用药前、用药后7天心功能纽约心脏协会(NYHA)分级。观察两组患者主要心脏不良事件事件(MACE)发生率,MACE包括低血压、恶性心律失常、猝死、心衰加重。应用SPSS13.0统计软件对观察数据进行统计学分析,以P<0.05为统计学显著差异,有统计学意义。 结果: 1左西孟旦组和对照组的基线资料:年龄、性别、体重、吸烟、饮酒均无显著性差异;心脏基础疾病:扩张型心肌病、缺血性心肌病患病率无显著性差异;既往史:糖尿病、高血压的患病率无显著性差异;两组患者入院基线生命体征:心率、呼吸频率、收缩压、舒张压无显著性差异;两组患者入院超声心动图基线LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV、SV无显著性差异;入院血液检查:BNP、肌酐(Scr)、胱抑素C(CysC)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、尿素氮(BUN)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、钾(K)、钠(Na)均无显著性差异;两组患者心功能NYHA分级、药物使用方面均无显著性差异,均P>0.05。 2两组治疗效果比较: 左西孟旦组与对照组患者BNP基线值分别为:1236.24±255.26pg/ml,1297.63±298.60pg/ml,两者比较无统计学差异(t=-0.926P=0.358)。用药后7天,左西孟旦组患者BNP值为668.35±239.69pg/ml,与基线值比较有显著性差异(t=76.356P=0.000),较基线值显著降低;对照组患者BNP值为1198.00±232.98pg/ml,与基线值比较有显著性差异(t=6.350P=0.000),较基线值有所降低。用药后左西孟旦组与对照组BNP比较有统计学差异(t=9.373P=0.000),左西孟旦组比对照组下降更明显。 用药前测量患者超声心动图,LVEF、SV、LVEDV、LVESV左西孟旦组分别为33.52±2.35%、63.75±4.76ml、191.10±19.36ml、127.35±16.40ml,对照组分别为33.09±2.49%、62.83±5.25ml、190.75±19.89ml、127.92±16.64ml。两组各项分别比较未见统计学差异(P0.05)。用药后7天再次行超声心动图检查,LVEF、SV、LVEDV、LVESV左西孟旦组分别为38.04±2.10%、66.04±5.06ml、174.13±16.40ml、108.08±12.63ml,分别与用药前相比较均可见显著性差异(t=8.483P=0.000,t=2.121P=0.041,t=3.881P=0.000, t=5.379P=0.000);用药后7天对照组分别为36.14±2.27%、62.26±5.60ml、173.09±20.23ml、110.83±15.89ml,分别与用药前相比较,LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV可见显著性差异(t=4.674P=0.000,t=3.484P=0.000, t=4.023P=0.000), SV未见统计学差异(t=0.407P=0.687)。用药后7天两组LVEF、SV分别比较有统计学意义(t=3.591P=0.001,,t=2.986P=0.004),左西孟旦组明显高于对照组;LVEDV、LVESV两组分别比较未见统计学差异(t=0.246P=0.806,t=0.797P=0.428)。 用药前患者心功能NYHA分级左西孟旦组Ⅲ级患者17名(50.00%),Ⅳ级患者17名(50.00%),对照组分别为19名(52.78%)、17名(47.22%),两组比较无统计学差异(χ~2=0.054,P=0.816)。用药后7天心功能Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级患者人数左西孟旦组分别为:12(35.29%)、18(52.94%)、3(8.82%),对照组分别为5(13.89%)、20(55.56%)、10(27.78%),两组比较有统计学差异(χ~2=6.704,P=0.035)。 3两组安全性比较: 左西孟旦组收缩压、舒张压用药后6小时、12小时、24小时、48小时分别与用药前相比无变化,且与对照组相比也未见显著性差异。 两组心率用药后48小时比用药前下降,且左西孟旦组下降更明显;两组呼吸频率用药后24小时、48小时比用药前下降,且48小时左西孟旦组下降更显著。 左西孟旦组与对照组肾功能(肌酐、胱抑素C、β2微球蛋白、尿素氮)、肝功能(谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶)、血钠、血红蛋白、红细胞压积用药后24小时、7天分别与用药前比较,均无显著性差异。对照组血钾亦无变化,但左西孟旦组用药后24小时血钾较用药前相比轻微下降,且有统计学差异。 MACE事件发生率及其他不良反应比较:截止试验进行至用药后7天时,左西孟旦组发生MACE事件1例为猝死,对照组发生MACE事件3例,其中1例短阵室速、1例心衰加重、1例猝死。两组无低血压病例发生。两组MACE事件比较无统计学差异(P=0.615)。左西孟旦组还发生窦性心动过速、严重低血钾(K~+2.8mmol/L)各1例。 结论: 在常规药物治疗基础上加用左西孟旦可有效提高急性失代偿期心力衰竭患者的心功能,且安全可行。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of levosimendan on the treatment of chronic systolic heart failure in patients with acute decompensated heart failure plus left Xi Mengdan on the basis of conventional medication.
Methods: a total of 74 patients with chronic systolic heart failure in five families of the second hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 2011 to December 2012 were randomly divided into 37 cases of levosimendan group (excluding 3 cases with cardiogenic shock or 34 ventricular tachycardia before drug intervention), the average age was 61.61 + 7.37 years old. Group 37 (36 cases of 1 patients with recurrent hyperthyroidism), the average age of 60.36 + 7.35 years. The standard of admission: 1, chronic systolic heart failure, and previously accepted standard heart failure treatment using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB), aldosterone receptor antagonist (MRA), beta blocker combination Treatment; 2, hospitalized for acute decompensation of chronic systolic heart failure; 3, cardiac function NYHA III - IV, echocardiography showed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%. exclusion criteria: (1) atrial fibrillation, malignant arrhythmia before admission, and (2) cardiac shock and hypotension (90mmH) before admission. G, average pressure < 65mmHg), insufficient blood volume; (3) allergic constitution, with other anti heart failure drug allergy; (4) serious electrolyte disorder, severe liver, renal insufficiency, hemoglobin below 90g/L; (5) acute myocardial infarction in the last month, heart valve disease, pericardial disease, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy, and autoimmune Disease, uncontrolled thyroid disease, symptomatic lung disease and use of hormone, theophylline treatment, combined with tumor; (6) the age of 80 years old; (7) patients or patients' families refused to participate in this study. The control group was given standard heart failure medication (ACEI or ARB, MRA, beta blocker), and diuretic drugs, digitalis In addition to the same treatment of the control group, the left Simendan group was given Levosimendan Injection (Levosimendan Injection, Yue Wen, Qilu pharmaceutical). First, the intravenous dose of 12 u g/kg was given to 0.05 mu g/kg/min as the initial dose of intravenous pump, and the dimension of the dose adjustment range was 0.05 u g/kg/min-0.2 mu g/kg/min. The contraction pressure was more than 90mmHg, the mean pressure was more than 65mmHg, the heart rate was less than 150 / sub, and the dosage was adjusted for 24 hours. The following indexes were observed: (1) the heart rate (secondary / score), respiratory frequency (mmHg), diastolic pressure (mmHg), 6 hours after medication, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 48 hours, and systolic pressure (mmHg); (2) patients before medication, 7 days after medication. The value of B type natriuretic peptide (BNP); (3) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), per stroke volume (SV); (4) kidney function, liver function, electrolyte, hematocrit, red blood cell pressure, erythrocyte pressure, hematocrit and red blood of 7 days after drug use. (5) (5) before taking drugs, the heart function New York Heart Association (NYHA) was graded at 7 days after medication. The incidence of major adverse events (MACE) in two groups of patients was observed. MACE included hypotension, malignant arrhythmia, sudden death, and worsened heart failure. The statistical analysis of the observation data was carried out with SPSS13.0 software, and P < 0.05 was statistically significant difference. The difference is statistically significant.
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