广泛性焦虑障碍表情信息前注意加工的事件相关电位研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 17:51

本文关键词： 广泛性焦虑障碍表情前注意加工事件相关电位失匹配负波　出处：《大连医科大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：广泛性焦虑障碍，以莫名的担忧和多虑为主要表现，伴自主神经症状或运动性不安等。该病患病率高，已成为严重危害人类健康的疾病之一。尽管GAD患者的发病机制尚不明确，，但大多数的临床观察和实验证据提出，GAD患者对情绪信息的异常加工可能与其发病相关。面孔表情可传递重要的社会信息，快速识别威胁性和非威胁性面孔表情对人类生存具有重大意义。结合广泛性焦虑障碍的临床发病特点，推测其异常信息加工很可能起始于自动加工阶段。目前对GAD面孔表情自动加工阶段的研究，特别是前注意阶段的研究为数不多。前注意（pre-attention）是注意的前过程，反映了人脑对变化信息的一种自动检测能力。人们通常意识不到前注意加工，而且行为学方法由于其自身局限性往往难以对其进一步深入研究。事件相关电位是种特殊的脑诱发电位。高时间分辨率和实时性等优点，使其在认知研究领域中占据得天独厚的地位。失匹配负波（MMN）是研究人脑前注意自动加工的经典事件相关电位成分。由面孔表情诱发的视觉MMN被称为表情MMN（Expression Mismatch Negativity，EMMN）。EMMN反映了大脑对面孔表情信息变化的前注意探测能力，可以用来探讨GAD患者对面孔表情前注意自动加工的生理机制。方法：研究对象为20例GAD患者和20例年龄、性别、教育程度与其相匹配的健康人。所有被试的焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度均用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HRSD-17）进行评估。利用真人情绪面孔作为刺激材料。选取具有威胁含义的恐惧面孔和非威胁含义的悲伤面孔作为刺激。刺激程序采用reverse oddball范式，实验过程中要求受试者对“十”字形靶刺激变化次数进行默计，并忽略视野周边的（非靶刺激）表情面孔。64导电极帽记录连续性脑电，并完成离线分析，分析非靶刺激在枕区（O1/O2）、顶区（P7/P8）诱发的表情MMN的平均波幅。两组被试的MMN波幅进行重复测量方差分析。结果： 1.广泛性焦虑障碍患者对（威胁性表情）恐惧表情的MMN波幅与正常对照比较无明显差异（p0.05）。 2.广泛性焦虑障碍患者对悲伤表情（非威胁性表情）的MMN波幅较正常对照组减低，具有显著性差异（p0.05）。 3.表情MMN波幅与患者焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度评分之间无显著相关性（p0.05）。结论： 1.广泛性焦虑障碍患者在前注意自动加工阶段对威胁性情绪面孔加工无明显差异，而对非威胁性情绪面孔加工减弱。 2.广泛性焦虑障碍患者情绪信息加工异常与焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度之间无明显相关性。
[Abstract]:Objective: generalized anxiety disorder, mainly characterized by inexplicable anxiety and anxiety, accompanied by autonomic nervous symptoms or motor anxiety. Has become one of the serious diseases that endanger human health. Although the pathogenesis of GAD patients is not clear, However, most clinical observations and experimental evidence suggest that abnormal processing of emotional information in patients with GAD may be related to their pathogenesis. Facial expressions can transmit important social information. Rapid recognition of threatening and non-threatening facial expressions is of great significance for human survival. It is speculated that the abnormal information processing probably started at the automatic processing stage. At present, there are few studies on the GAD facial expression automatic processing stage, especially in the pre-attention stage. The pre-attention stage is the pre-attention process. It reflects the ability of the human brain to detect change information automatically. People usually don't realize how to process it before they are aware of it. Because of its limitations, behavioral methods are often difficult to further study. Event-related potentials are special brain evoked potentials, high temporal resolution, real-time, and so on. Mismatched negative wave (MMN) is a classical event-related potential component in the study of automatic processing of human brain attention. The visual MMN induced by facial expression is called MMN(Expression Mismatch Negativityn. EMMN. Reflecting the brain's ability to detect changes in facial expression information, It can be used to explore the physiological mechanism of automatic processing of facial expression in patients with GAD. Methods: twenty patients with GAD and 20 patients with age and sex were studied. All subjects were evaluated with Hamilton anxiety scale (Hama) and Hamilton Depression scale (HRSD-17). Select the face of fear with threatening meaning and the face of sadness with non-threatening meaning as stimulus. The stimulus program adopts reverse oddball paradigm, In the course of the experiment, the subjects were asked to measure the number of stimuli of "ten" glyph targets, and to ignore the (non-target stimuli) facial expression around the field of vision, and record the continuous EEG in the face (non-target stimuli), and complete the off-line analysis. The mean amplitude of expression MMN induced by non-target stimulation in occipital region (O1 / O2) and parietal region (P7 / P8) was analyzed. The MMN amplitudes of the two groups were measured repeatedly by variance analysis. Results:. 1. There was no significant difference in the MMN amplitude of fear expression between patients with generalized anxiety disorder and normal controls (P 0.05). 2. The amplitude of MMN in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05). 3. There was no significant correlation between expression MMN amplitude and anxiety and depression severity score (P 0.05). Conclusion:. 1. There was no significant difference in the processing of threatening emotional faces in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder at the stage of pre-attention automatic processing, but the processing of non-threatening emotional faces was weakened. 2. There was no significant correlation between the abnormal processing of emotional information and the severity of anxiety and depression in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R749.72

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