高龄独居老人抑郁症状综合心理干预初步研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 18:14

【摘要】：[目的]调查石门二路街道高龄独居老人的抑郁症状情况,并初步探讨综合心理干预对抑郁症状的改善效果。 [方法]对石门二路街道80岁及以上独居老人采用二阶段随机抽样法抽取64人进行询问调查,并进行抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)测评。按抑郁症状等级进行分层随机抽样,将64名老人分为干预组和对照组,每组32名老人。干预组进行为期半年的综合心理干预,包括家访、心理疏导、集中授课、与家属积极联系。而对照组则只进行常规健康管理。半年后,再次对两组老人进行SDS测评,以了解综合心理干预对老年人抑郁症状的的改善情况。 [结果]经SDS评分后发现,64名高龄独居老人中轻、中、重度抑郁的患者分别占40.6%、15.6%和0%。干预前干预组与对照组SDS评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),经过半年综合心理干预,干预组中SDS评分均数从55.0下降到40.9,未见中度抑郁症状的老人,轻度抑郁症状老人比例从40.6%下降到16.7%。而对照组中SDS评分均数从54.7上升到56.5,轻度抑郁症状老人比例无变化,而中度抑郁症状老人比例从15.6%上升到29.0%。干预组SDS评分均数低于干预前水平和对照组同期水平。 [结论]经过半年综合心理干预的高龄独居老人的抑郁症状得以明显改善,而仅进行常规健康管理的高龄独居老人的抑郁症状有轻微加重趋势,说明综合心理干预对高龄独居老人抑郁症状有积极作用,今后社区基层组织及医院应加大对高龄独居老人综合心理干预的力度。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the depressive symptoms of the elderly solitary elderly in the second street of Shimen, and to explore the effect of comprehensive psychological intervention on the improvement of depressive symptoms. [methods] Sixty-four single people aged 80 years old and above in the second street of Shimen were investigated by two-stage random sampling, and self-rating depression scale (Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS) was carried out. 64 elderly people were divided into intervention group and control group with 32 elderly in each group. The intervention group conducted six months of comprehensive psychological intervention, including home visits, psychological counseling, intensive teaching, and positive contact with family members. In the control group, only routine health management was performed. Six months later, two groups of old people were tested with SDS again to understand the improvement of depression symptoms by comprehensive psychological intervention. [results] according to SDS score, the percentage of mild, moderate and severe depression in 64 elderly persons living alone was 40. 6% and 0. 6% respectively. There was no significant difference in SDS scores between the intervention group and the control group before intervention (P0.05). After half a year comprehensive psychological intervention, the average SDS score in the intervention group decreased from 55.0 to 40.9, and the proportion of the elderly with mild depressive symptoms decreased from 40.6% to 16.7%. In the control group, the average of SDS scores increased from 54.7 to 56.5, while the proportion of the elderly with mild depression did not change, while the proportion of the elderly with moderate depressive symptoms increased from 15.6% to 29.0%. The mean of SDS score in the intervention group was lower than that before the intervention and the control group. [conclusion] after six months of comprehensive psychological intervention, the depression symptoms of the elderly single elderly people were improved obviously, while the depression symptoms of the elderly single elderly people who only carried out routine health management had a slight exacerbation trend. It is concluded that comprehensive psychological intervention plays a positive role in the depression symptoms of the elderly living alone, and the community grass-roots organizations and hospitals should strengthen the comprehensive psychological intervention for the elderly living alone in the future.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.4

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