湘潭市496例社区居家养老老年人抑郁及其相关因素

发布时间：2019-04-25 17:11

【摘要】：目的探讨湘潭市社区居家养老老年人抑郁症现状及老年人抑郁症发生的影响因素。方法于2015年6~9月采用整群抽样的方式选择湘潭市社区居家养老老年人496例,采用问卷调查方式调查老年人社会人口学特征、流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)得分、社会支持量表得分及日常生活活动能力(ADL)量表得分,采用结构方程模型研究老年人抑郁的影响因素。结果 496例老年人中CES-D得分为(10.13±5.39)分,抑郁发生率19.56%(97/496),老年人ADL评分为(16.34±7.23)分,自理能力下降发生率为20.77%(103/496);结构方程结果显示:年龄、性别、月收入、文化程度、社会支持及ADL对老年人CES-D得分具有直接影响作用,即年龄越低、男性、文化程度高、年收入高、社会支持高及ADL得分低者抑郁程度越低;社会支持可通过对间接作用于ADL(-0.311)对老年人抑郁具有抑制作用,文化程度通过提升老年人社会支持间接降低老年人抑郁程度;老年人文化程度与月收入存在正相关关系(r=0.334,P0.05)。结论湘潭市老年人抑郁现状不容乐观,女性、文化程度低、月收入低者为老年人抑郁症的高危人群,通过提高老年人的ADL和获得的社会支持能够预防老年人抑郁症的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the current situation of depression in the elderly at home in Xiangtan City and the influencing factors of the occurrence of depression in the elderly. Methods from June to September in 2015, 496 elderly people living at home in Xiangtan city were selected by cluster sampling. The social and demographic characteristics of the elderly were investigated by questionnaire, and the scores of the Center for Mixation Depression scale (CES-D) were measured. The scores of Social support scale (SSSS) and activity of Daily living (ADL) were measured. The structural equation model was used to study the influencing factors of depression in the elderly. Results the CES-D score was (10.13 卤5.39), the incidence of depression was 19.56% (97 / 496), the ADL score was (16.34 卤7.23) in the elderly, and the incidence of self-care ability was 20.77% (103 / 496). The results of structural equation showed that age, gender, monthly income, educational level, social support and ADL had a direct effect on the CES-D score of the elderly, that is, the lower the age, the higher the male, the higher the education level and the higher the annual income. The higher the social support and the lower the ADL score, the lower the depression degree. Social support can inhibit the depression of the elderly by indirectly acting on ADL (- 0.311), and the degree of education can reduce the depression of the elderly indirectly by enhancing the social support of the elderly. There was a positive correlation between the educational level of the elderly and monthly income (r = 0.334, P0.05). Conclusion the depression status of the elderly in Xiangtan City is not optimistic, female, low education level and low monthly income are the high risk groups of the elderly depression. It can prevent the occurrence of depression in the elderly by increasing the ADL of the elderly and obtaining the social support.
【作者单位】：湘潭医卫职业技术学院;湘潭市第一人民医院脑外科;
【分类号】：R749.4

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