基于逆向工程的牙齿修复及快速成形

发布时间：2018-02-23 16:55

本文关键词： 工业CT 逆向工程三维模型重建误差分析快速成形　出处：《哈尔滨理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：快速成形技术正以一股不可阻挡之势,广泛且深远地应用于医学等领域,它是集ICT扫描、逆向工程等技术于一体的新方向。在工业CT扫描技术与基于逆向工程建模技术辅助之下,获得诸如人体器官复杂件的三维数据,再借助快速成形技术,加工出符合相关要求的成形件。故而对于传统的医疗诊断、人体器官组织的复制,皆会因此而有着不可估量的市场价值。本文是针对牙齿模型的点云数据的获取、三维模型的曲面重构、以及快速成形技术的研究。借助工业CT对牙齿的咬模进行扫描,将得到的牙模三维数据进行拼接,为逆向工程三维模型的重建打下基础。本文研究所涉及的主要工作如下所述:1.借助工业CT的手段对牙齿的咬模进行扫描,经过设备上自动拼接与边缘轮廓优化的处理后得到牙模的三维数据模型,将该数据模型以逆向软件可以识别的文件格式进行输出保存,为接下来基于逆向工程牙模的曲面重构作好准备。2.针对于本文要研究的牙模,因其模型曲面相当复杂,故而在基于Bezier曲线/曲面算法的基础上,采取了一种名为NURBS曲线/曲面的全新算法,辅以逆向工程软件Geomagic对上述的牙齿三维数据进行了简化多边形与参数化曲面处理,得到了优化后的牙齿三维模型,并以STL文件格式进行输出保存。3.针对基于FDM熔融沉积原理的成形方法,分析了设备本身、前处理、加工成形与后处理的过程中各种因素造成的误差,并对可能导致误差产生的原因进行分析,对不同的误差来源,提出了相应的优化方案,为牙齿能够更好地成形打下良好与坚实的基础。4.将曲面重构完成后的牙齿三维模型输入到HTS200快速成形机的系统控制平台之中,最终完成了牙齿模型的加工成形,证明了将工业CT扫描技术、基于逆向工程的曲面重构技术以及快速成形技术这三种技术相结合思路的可行性与科学性,为后来学者研究相似的问题提供了指导和启发。
[Abstract]:Rapid prototyping technology is being widely and profoundly applied in medicine and other fields with an unstoppable trend. It is a collection of ICT scanning. A new direction in which reverse engineering is integrated. With the help of industrial CT scanning and reverse engineering modeling, 3D data such as complex parts of human organs are obtained, and then rapid prototyping is used. Processing the relevant requirements of forming parts. Therefore, for traditional medical diagnosis, human organ tissue replication, will therefore have incalculable market value. This paper is for the acquisition of dental model point cloud data. The surface reconstruction of 3D model and the research of rapid prototyping technology. To lay the foundation for the reconstruction of 3D model of reverse engineering. The main work involved in this study is as follows: 1. Scanning the bite model of teeth by means of industrial CT, After automatic stitching and edge contour optimization on the device, the 3D data model of the tooth die is obtained, and the data model is output and saved in a file format recognized by the reverse software. Preparation for the next surface reconstruction based on reverse engineering. 2. Aiming at the tooth model to be studied in this paper, because the model surface is very complex, so it is based on the Bezier curve / surface algorithm. A new algorithm called NURBS curve / surface is adopted, which is assisted by reverse engineering software Geomagic to simplify the polygon and parameterized surface of the tooth, and the optimized tooth 3D model is obtained. According to the forming method based on the principle of FDM melt deposition, the errors caused by various factors in the process of equipment itself, pre-processing, processing and post-processing are analyzed. The causes that may lead to errors are analyzed, and the corresponding optimization schemes are put forward for different error sources. Finally, the tooth 3D model after surface reconstruction is input into the system control platform of HTS200 rapid prototyping machine, and finally the tooth model forming is finished. It is proved that it is feasible and scientific to combine industrial CT scanning technology, surface reconstruction technology based on reverse engineering and rapid prototyping technology, which provides guidance and inspiration for scholars to study similar problems.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R783;TP391.7

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