安氏I类女性下切牙先天缺失者颏部形态的三维研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 18:34

本文选题：三维测量　切入点：颏部　出处：《南京医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:利用CBCT(锥体束CT,cone beam computed tomography)三维成像技术,建立颏部形态的三维测量方法。使用此方法研究安氏Ⅰ类女性下切牙先天缺失者颏部的三维形态,以期为临床诊疗提供参考。方法:随机选取一名就诊于南京医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科的患者,利用Dolphin软件对其在三维重建CT上进行线距、角度、比例、面积及体积的测量,并验证此方法的重复性。依据纳入标准,收集到239名安氏Ⅰ类女性患者的锥体束CT数据,其中先天性下切牙缺失患者127名,无缺牙患者112名。对受试对象的CBCT数据进行三维重建和测量。使用统计学软件SPSS 22.0对测量值进行统计学分析,以探寻安氏Ⅰ类女性的下切牙先天缺失与颏部三维形态的关系。结果:1.下切牙先天缺失对各年龄段安氏Ⅰ类均角女性颏部三维形态有影响。其下尖牙宽度减小。12岁时,颏部相对于全面部及下切牙的突度增加;18岁时,下颌对角线长度减小,下颌整体发育不足。12-26岁时,下唇突度减小,软组织颏点及颏唇沟点至下唇突点的水平距离减小,美学评价提高;26岁时,下唇厚度增加。12岁者的下颌牙槽突在二维的矢状层面发育不足;18岁时,下颌牙槽突在三维层面发育不足。2.下切牙先天缺失对各垂直骨面型安氏Ⅰ类青少年女性颏部三维形态有影响。其下尖牙宽度减小;均角时,颏部相对于全面部的突度增加,低角时,下颌对角线长度减小,低角和均角时,颏部相对于全面部及下切牙的突度均增加。低角时,下唇厚度增加;均角时,下唇突度减小,软组织颏点及颏唇沟点至下唇突点的水平距离减小,美学评价提高。不同垂直骨面型的牙槽骨及基骨发育与牙列完整者没有统计学差异。结论:安氏Ⅰ类女性下切牙先天缺失者的颏部形态与安氏Ⅰ类女性牙列完整者不同。临床诊断和治疗下切牙先天缺失患者时应注意到这种差异。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a three dimensional measurement method of mental shape by using the three-dimensional imaging technique of cone beam computed tomography.The method was used to study the three dimensional shape of chin in female patients with congenital loss of lower incisor. Methods: a patient in orthodontic department of the affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University was selected randomly and measured on 3D reconstruction CT with Dolphin software, such as line distance, angle, proportion, area and volume. The repeatability of this method was verified. According to the inclusion criteria, the CT data of the pyramidal tracts were collected from 239 female patients of Class I, including 127 patients with congenital lower incisor defect. The CBCT data of the subjects were reconstructed and measured by using the statistical software SPSS 22.0. In order to explore the relationship between congenital loss of lower incisor and three dimensional shape of chin in female of Class I. results: 1. Congenital loss of lower incisor had an effect on the three-dimensional shape of chin of female of all ages. The width of lower incisor was decreased at the age of 12 years. At the age of 18 years, the length of the diagonal line of the mandible decreases, the degree of the lower lip process decreases at the age of 12 to 26 years, and the horizontal distance between the mental point of the soft tissue and the point of the sulcus of the mental lip to the point of the lower labial process decreases when the protuberance of the mental region is higher than that of the whole face and the incisor of the lower incisor. Aesthetic evaluation at the age of 26, the thickness of the lower lip increased. At the age of 18, the mandibular alveolar process was underdeveloped on the sagittal plane. The mandibular alveolar process is underdeveloped on the three-dimensional level. The congenital loss of the lower incisor has an effect on the three dimensional shape of the mental region of the female female of class I of the vertical bone type, and the width of the lower canine decreases, and the protruding degree of the chin relative to the whole face increases when the angle is equalized. At low angle, the length of diagonal line of mandible decreased, the protruding degree of chin relative to the whole face and lower incisor increased at low angle, the thickness of lower lip increased at low angle, and the protruding degree of lower lip decreased at equal angle. The horizontal distance between the mental point and the sulcus point of the soft tissue and the point of the lower labial process was decreased. Aesthetic evaluation was improved. There was no statistical difference between alveolar bone and basal bone of different vertical bone types and complete dentition. Conclusion: the mental shape of congenital missing lower incisor of female lower incisor of class I is the same as that of female dentition of class I. This difference should be noted in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of congenital inferior incisor defect.
【学位授予单位】：南京医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R783.5

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