云南省12-18岁智力残疾人群口腔健康状况调查及龋病相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-02 19:35

本文选题：智力残疾人群 + 口腔健康状况　；参考：《昆明医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：[目的](1) 了解云南省12-18岁智力残疾人群口腔健康状况。(2)对云南省12-18岁智力残疾人群龋病患病状况的相关因素进行分析,并针对其龋病患病状况,提出预防策略和措施。(3)为残疾人群口腔健康状况研究提供流行病学依据。(4)为残疾人保障部门、特殊学校制定特殊人群口腔保健规划提供理论依据。[方法]根据WHO制定的《口腔流行病学调查基本方法》,参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,采用随机、分层、整群的多阶段抽样的方法。从云南省南北地区随机抽取各两个个城市,再从每个城市中随机整群抽取,共对5所特殊学校的438名12-18岁智力残疾人群(男性256女性182名,城市145农村293),进行口腔检查,对家长口腔健康问卷调查,包括儿童饮食习惯、儿童口腔卫生习惯、家长社会经济会信息等内容。数据采用EpiData3.1建立数据库,SPSS 20.0软件采用t检验、卡方检验对数据进行统计学分析,内容包括:患龋率、龋均、龋面均、充填率、牙龈出血检出率、牙石检出率、龋病相关单因素等;将单因素分析中有统计学意义的因素作为自变量,将是否患龋作为因变量,多因素Logistic线性回归分析影响龋病的危险因素。[结果]调查中438名12-18岁智力残疾人群恒牙患龋率、龋均、龋面均分别为31.74%, 0.49±0.93, 0.69±1.43,龋齿充填率为11.19%,龋面充填构成比6.58%。患龋率、龋均、龋面均男女比较:患龋率和龋面均与人群性别具有相关性,差异具有统计学意义;龋均差异无统计学意义。城乡比较:患龋率、龋均和龋面均无统计学意义。调查中12岁组儿童的患龋率为24.4%,低于第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查12岁组儿童28.9%的结果,高于云南省12岁组儿童患龋率20.6%的结果,且与云南省12岁组儿童患龋率间差异具有统计学意义。牙龈出血检出率和平均检出牙数分别为69.86%、1.92±1.01;牙石检出率和平均检出牙数分别81.96%、2.82±1.83。男女比较和城乡比较:龋均、牙龈出血检出率、牙石检出率均无统计学意义。龋病单因素影响分析结果显示:性别、所在学校、涂氟经历、晚上刷牙后是否吃甜食、甜点心、每日的进食次数、刷牙次数、刷牙由谁完成、使用的牙膏是否含氟、牙痛经历、家长是否检查刷牙效果、家长的龋病知识、母亲的学历和家庭月收入共13个单因素与云南省部分12-18岁智力残疾人群的患龋率具有相关性。多因素Logistic线性回归分析结果显示:人群所在学校、晚上刷牙后是否吃甜食、甜点心每天进食次数以及家长对龋病知识的了解和母亲的学历共5项是云南省12-18岁智力残疾人群龋病的主要影响因素。[结论](1)云南省12-18岁智力残疾人群,患龋率虽然处于较低水平,但龋病充填率极低,牙周状况差。因此,该群体口腔疾病防治工作刻不容缓。(2)云南省部分智力残疾人群的口腔健康需求较大,口腔卫生服务利用率低;由于调查人群的特殊性和家长口腔健康知识和意识的缺乏,共同制约了针对该群体口腔健康服务的实施。(3)多因素Logistic线性回归分析结果表明:不同性别、不同地区、调查人群得饮食习惯以及家长的口腔健康知识和母亲的学历是智力残疾人群龋病的影响因素。建议当地政府和相关特殊学校给予政策和资金上的支持;加智力残疾人群和家长口腔健康教育,利于培养其良好的饮食和口腔卫生习惯;为该群体提供涂氟、窝沟封闭等龋病预防措施,从而改善和提高其口腔健康生活质量,达到口腔健康促进的目的。
[Abstract]:[Objective] (1) to understand the oral health status of the 12-18 year old people with mental disability in Yunnan province. (2) to analyze the related factors of the prevalence of dental caries in the 12-18 year old people with mental disability in Yunnan Province, and to put forward the prevention strategies and measures in view of the status of caries. (3) to provide the epidemiological basis for the study of the oral cavity health status of the disabled. (4) the disability is the disability. The human security department, the special school provides the theoretical basis for the planning of oral health care for special people. [method] according to the basic methods of oral epidemiology investigation made by WHO, according to the third national oral health epidemiological survey, random, stratified and cluster multistage sampling methods are adopted. The random sampling methods are taken from the north and South regions of Yunnan province. Two cities were randomly selected from each city. A total of 438 12-18 - year - old intellectual disabilities (182 men, 256 women, 145 rural 293) in 5 special schools were tested for oral health questionnaire, including children's diet habits, children's oral hygiene habits, and parents' social and economic information. According to the use of EpiData3.1 to establish a database, SPSS 20 software uses t test and chi square test makes statistical analysis of the data. The contents include: caries rate, caries, caries, filling rate, detection rate of gingival bleeding, dental stone detection rate, caries related single factor, and so on. As a dependent variable, multiple factor Logistic linear regression analysis affected the risk factors of caries. [results] the dental caries rate, caries and caries of 438 12-18 year old people with mental disability were 31.74%, 0.49 + 0.93, 0.69 + 1.43, and 11.19%. Caries filling was compared with 6.58%., caries and caries were compared: caries and caries The rate and caries were correlated with the sex of the population, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in caries was not statistically significant. The rate of caries, caries and caries were not statistically significant in urban and rural areas. The rate of caries was 24.4% in the 12 year old group, which was lower than the result of 28.9% of the 12 year old children in the third national oral health flow disease study. The rate of dental caries of 12 year old children in southern province was 20.6%, and the difference of caries rate between the 12 year old group in Yunnan province was statistically significant. The detection rate of gingival bleeding and the average tooth number were 1.92 + 1.01, the detection rate of dental calculus and the average number of teeth detected were 81.96%, 2.82 + 1.83. male and female comparison and urban and rural comparison: caries and gingival bleeding detection rate, The effect of single factor on dental caries was not statistically significant. The results of the single factor analysis showed that sex, the school, the experience of the fluorine smear, the sweet dessert, the times of daily eating, the times of tooth brushing, the number of teeth brushing, the number of teeth brushing, the fluoride in the toothpaste, the experience of toothache, whether the parents examined the effect of brushing, parents' knowledge of caries, 13 single factors of mother's education and family monthly income are related to the rate of dental caries of 12-18 years of mental retardation in Yunnan province. Multiple factor Logistic linear regression analysis shows whether the school is in the crowd, whether there is dessert after brushing at night, the daily eating times of sweet dessert and the understanding of parents' knowledge of caries and the study of mother's study. 5 items are the main factors affecting the dental caries of 12-18 years old people in Yunnan province. [Conclusion] (1) the 12-18 year old people with mental disability in Yunnan Province, the rate of dental caries is very low, but the dental caries filling rate is very low and the periodontal condition is poor. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of oral diseases in this group is not slow. (2) oral health of some mentally handicapped people in Yunnan province. There was a large demand for health and low utilization of oral health services. Due to the particularity of the population and the lack of knowledge and awareness of the oral health of the parents, the implementation of oral health services for this group was restricted. (3) the results of multi factor Logistic linear regression analysis showed that different sex, different regions, the investigation population got eating habits and parents. Oral health knowledge and mother's educational background are the factors affecting dental caries in people with intellectual disabilities. It is recommended that local governments and relevant special schools give policy and financial support, plus intellectual disabilities and parents' oral health education, to develop good diet and oral hygiene habits, and to provide the population with fluorine, pit and fissure sealing and other caries. Preventive measures should be taken to improve and improve the oral health quality of life and achieve the goal of oral health promotion.

【学位授予单位】：昆明医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R781.1

【参考文献】