统计方法在研究口腔微生物菌群群落多样性维持机制中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-28 15:15

本文选题：中性理论 + 微生物群落　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：了解微生物群落对人类的健康作用是新兴生物医学的重大挑战,而群落里的结构和功能又是维持生态平衡的关键。我们通过一系列的模型分析,旨在揭示人体微生物群落的结构以及物种共存机制,对后续深入研究与牙周炎相关的微生物群落的结构、功能及其稳定性有着重要的理论及实践意义。本文研究的对象是牙周炎患者口腔微生物,牙周炎是最为常见的口腔疾病之一,已有大量研究表明牙周炎的发生与口腔微生物群落的失衡有关,因此本论文从生态学角度利用统计方法研究牙周炎有关的口腔微生物群落的维持机制。首先,用等级多度曲线和物种多度分布曲线基础的描述群落组成结构,其次用Ewens的抽样模型和Etienne的抽样模型公式检测口腔微生物群落是否符合中性理论,以此研究牙周炎对口腔微生物菌群结构和功能的影响;最后,用Taylor幂法则和扩展的Taylor幂法则研究口腔微生物群落的空间的异质性,以探讨牙周炎是否与微生物群落的空间异质性的改变有关。我们通过实例数据的模型分析,对于观察到的口腔微生物群落而言,两个抽样模型证实了在口腔微生物群落中传播限制并没有发挥什么作用,也发现了牙周炎患者的微生物群落显示生物多样性高于健康人,发现生物群落的结构影响着生态的平衡,Taylor幂法则和扩展的Taylor幂法模型结果说明,牙周炎患者口腔的生态环境较健康对照发生了一定的改变,使得微生物的种间差异增大,这种环境的改变可能是非随机的,因而使得种内异质性没有发生明显改变,总之牙周炎的发生可能与口腔微生态环境的破坏有着直接关联。
[Abstract]:Understanding the effects of microbial communities on human health is a major challenge in emerging biomedicine, and the structure and function of the community is the key to maintain ecological balance. Through a series of model analysis, we aim to reveal the structure of human microbial community and the mechanism of species coexistence, and further study the structure of microbial community related to periodontitis. Function and its stability have important theoretical and practical significance. The subjects of this study are oral microbes in patients with periodontitis. Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases. A large number of studies have shown that the occurrence of periodontitis is related to the imbalance of oral microbial community. In this paper, the maintenance mechanism of oral microbial community related to periodontitis was studied by using statistical method from the point of view of ecology. Firstly, community composition was described on the basis of grade abundance curve and species abundance distribution curve. Secondly, Ewens's sampling model and Etienne's sampling model formula were used to detect whether oral microbial community was in accordance with neutral theory. The effects of periodontitis on the structure and function of oral microflora were studied. Finally, the spatial heterogeneity of oral microbial community was studied by Taylor power law and extended Taylor power law. To explore whether periodontitis is related to the change of spatial heterogeneity of microbial community. Through the model analysis of the sample data, for the observed oral microbe community, two sampling models confirmed that the transmission limitation in the oral microbe community did not play a significant role. It was also found that the microbial community of periodontitis patients showed higher biodiversity than that of healthy people, and the balance Taylor's power law and the extended Taylor power method model showed that the structure of the biological community affected the ecology. The oral ecological environment of periodontitis patients was changed to a certain extent, which increased the difference of microbes between species, which may be non-random, so that the intraspecific heterogeneity did not change significantly. In short, periodontitis may be directly related to oral microecological environment damage.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R781.42

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