不同连接方式下无牙颌双种植体覆盖义齿的三维有限元应力分析

发布时间：2018-06-22 18:51

本文选题：下无牙颌覆盖义齿 + 双种植体　；参考：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的通过构建三种附着体固位的下颌双种植体覆盖义齿的体外模型，采用三维有限元分析法，观察分析附着体类型对下颌覆盖义齿生物力学性能的影响。方法通过对下颌骨进行薄层CT扫描，运用Mimics医学建模软件、GeomagicStudio曲面重建软件，NX三维建模软件以及Ansys Workbench三维有限元分析软件，共生成三个模型—分别为由球帽附着体、locator附着体与杆卡附着体固位的下无牙颌双种植体覆盖义齿的三维有限元模型。每个模型均给予100N前牙垂直加载、100N后牙垂直加载和100N后牙斜向加载这三种加载条件，记录上述三个模型种植体及其周围皮质骨、黏骨膜的应力分布和义齿基托位移情况，比较使用这三种类型附着体时下颌种植覆盖义齿的生物力学性能差异。结果实验结果显示，，在前后牙垂直斜向加载时，三个模型中种植体颈部均有较大的应力集中，尤其是在种植体与附着体基台连接部位尤为明显；种植体周围的皮质骨上也出现应力集中，但其应力值既没有小于种植体周围骨沉积所需的最小应力，又没有超过皮质骨的抗压极限强度。对于加载条件，相比于垂直加载，斜向加载更容易造成种植体及种植体周围支持组织较大的应力集中及较大的义齿动度；关于附着体类型，与locator附着体和杆卡附着体相比，球帽附着体更利于减小种植体及其周围皮质骨的应力，黏骨膜的应力应变和义齿动度较大。结论受本实验方法和条件的限制，可以得出以下结论： 1.下颌双种植体覆盖义齿中种植体所受应力均主要集中于种植体颈部，支持组织的应力主要集中于种植体周围的皮质骨。 2.用不同类型附着体固位的下颌双种植体覆盖义齿的应力分布特点不同，与locator附着体、杆卡附着体相比，球帽附着体覆盖义齿所引起的种植体及其周围骨组织的应力集中较小。 3.覆盖义齿在受到侧向力时种植体及其周围骨组织产生较大应力集中，故斜向力比垂直力更易导致骨重建和骨吸收。
[Abstract]:objective
The effect of the type of attachments on the biomechanical properties of mandibular overdentures was observed and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D finite element analysis) by constructing the external model of the denture covering the mandibular double implants with three attachments.
Method
By TLC CT scanning of mandible, using Mimics medical modeling software, GeomagicStudio surface reconstruction software, NX 3D modeling software and Ansys Workbench three-dimensional finite element analysis software, three models are generated, respectively as the ball cap attachment, and the submandibular double implants covering the attachment of the locator attachment and the rod card attachment. The three-dimensional finite element model of the denture. Each model gave the vertical loading of the 100N front teeth, the vertical loading of the 100N posterior teeth and the oblique loading of the 100N back teeth, recorded the three models of the implant and its surrounding cortical bone, the stress distribution of the mucous periosteum and the empathy of the denture base position, and compared the mandibular species when the three types of attachment were used. The difference of biomechanical properties of implant supported denture.
Result
The experimental results show that the stress concentration in the neck of the three models is larger in the vertical oblique loading of the front and rear teeth, especially in the connection parts of the implant and the attachment base, and the stress concentration is also appeared on the cortical bone around the implant, but the stress value is neither less than the minimum required for the bone deposition around the implant. Stress is not more than the compressive ultimate strength of the cortical bone. For loading conditions, the oblique loading is more likely to lead to greater stress concentration and greater denture mobility around the implant and the implant, compared with the vertical loading. As to the attachment type, the ball cap attachment is better than the locator attachment and the rod attachment. The stress of the implant and its surrounding cortical bone is reduced, the stress and strain of the mucosum membrane and the movement of the denture are larger.
conclusion
Due to the limitations of the experimental methods and conditions, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. the stress in the implant covered denture was mainly concentrated on the neck of the implant, and the stress of the supporting tissue was mainly concentrated on the cortical bone around the implant.
2. the stress distribution of the mandibular double implants covered with different types of attachment is different, and the stress concentration of the implant and the surrounding bone tissue caused by the ball cap attachments is smaller than the locator attachment and the rod card attachment.
3. under the lateral force, the overdenture overlay the implant and its surrounding bone tissue, resulting in greater stress concentration. The oblique force is more likely to cause bone remodeling and bone resorption than vertical force.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R783.6

【参考文献】