数字化咬合分析系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-07-18 09:11

【摘要】：计算机辅助口腔正畸已然处于高速发展时期,新型无托槽隐形正畸技术在逐步迈向成熟运用阶段,其整套流程包括牙颌面信息采集、牙颌面重建、牙齿分割、上下颌虚拟咬合、牙齿移动等多项环节,目标是输出牙齿矫治方案,并根据牙齿矫治方案确定分阶段矫治器的数字模型,最后交予快速成型设备生产相应的固定矫治器或活动矫治器。其中,牙齿分割、牙齿咬合碰撞检测、牙齿移动模拟是影响综合矫治效果与设计时间成本的关键步骤。当前,无论是传统有托槽正畸,或者新型无托槽隐形正畸,他们都是工业上为生产固定矫治器和活动矫治器而服务的,并没有一种通用的、专为牙齿咬合分析服务的计算机辅助系统。因此,本文主要研究如何以牙齿分割、牙齿咬合、牙齿移动模拟这三项关键技术为依托,具体实现数字化咬合分析系统。本文从计算机图形学技术与口腔正畸的结合应用出发,分别对上述三项关键技术做出具体分析与实现。在牙齿分割关键点,本文提出了一种简便易用的交互分割方法,相比与自动分割,具有更好的通用性,不需具体考虑牙齿的表面复杂形态;在咬合碰撞关键点,本文利用Rapid碰撞库,基本实现了虚拟咬合功能,它能找出上、下牙颌模型的具体接触位置,为后续的牙齿移动操作提供了依据;在牙齿移动关键点,本文分析了三维空间各模型坐标位置关系,利用OpenGL实现了具体的牙齿交互移动,可满足临床上各种牙齿移动方式,并将移动过程中产生的矫治数据提取保存。最后,本文在Windows XP系统下,依托于VS2010编译平台,采用了Qt界面库,实现了本文提出的数字化咬合分析系统。相比于国外先进的技术发展,国内起步不久的计算机辅助正畸还存在许多不足,本文的研究工作能够为国内的相关研发提供一定的研究基础和实践模拟。
[Abstract]:Computer-aided orthodontics has already been in a period of rapid development. The new technology of non-brackets invisible orthodontics is gradually becoming mature and applied. The whole process includes the collection of maxillofacial information, the reconstruction of maxillofacial, the segmentation of teeth, the virtual occlusion of upper and lower jaw. The goal of tooth movement is to output the tooth correction scheme, and the digital model of the stage appliance is determined according to the tooth correction scheme. Finally, the corresponding fixed appliance or movable appliance is produced by the rapid prototyping equipment. Among them, tooth segmentation, tooth bite collision detection and tooth movement simulation are the key steps to affect the comprehensive correction effect and design time cost. At present, whether they are traditional orthodontics with brackets or new types of invisible orthodontics without brackets, they all serve the production of fixed and movable orthodontics in industry, and there is no general purpose. Computer aided system for tooth bite analysis. Therefore, this paper mainly studies how to realize the digital bite analysis system based on the three key technologies of tooth segmentation, tooth occlusion and tooth movement simulation. Based on the application of computer graphics and orthodontics, the above three key technologies are analyzed and implemented in this paper. At the key point of tooth segmentation, this paper presents a simple and easy to use interactive segmentation method. Compared with automatic segmentation, it has better generality, and does not need to consider the complex shape of tooth surface. In this paper, the virtual bite function is realized by using Rapid collision Library, which can find out the specific contact position of upper and lower teeth and jaw model, which provides the basis for the subsequent tooth movement operation, and at the key point of tooth movement, In this paper, the coordinate position relationship of each model in 3D space is analyzed, and the interactive movement of teeth is realized by OpenGL, which can satisfy all kinds of tooth movement modes in clinic, and extract and preserve the correction data generated in the process of movement. Finally, based on the VS2010 compiler platform and QT interface library, this paper realizes the digital bite analysis system under Windows XP system. Compared with the advanced technology development in foreign countries, there are still many deficiencies in the computer aided orthodontics in China. The research work in this paper can provide a certain research foundation and practical simulation for the related research and development in China.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R783.5;TP391.7

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