上颌前牙区即刻种植的近期美学评价

发布时间：2018-08-25 08:08

【摘要】：目的：通过对即刻种植与延期种植患者种植体唇侧骨板骨的改建以及红色美学指数等观察指标的对比,来比较评价即刻种植的近期美学效果。方法：2011年1月至2013年6月于深圳市龙岗中心医院口腔科就诊的患者中选取38例单颗上颌前牙缺失病例,行即刻种植18例共18枚种植体,行延期种植20例共20枚种植体。利用CBCT测量不同时期两组种植义齿唇侧骨板在不同水平即健康同名邻牙釉牙骨质界(CEJ)根方2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm时的厚度以及唇侧骨板垂直向的变化,并且分别比较之间的差距。运用红色美学指数(PES)对种植体修复后的软组织情况进行评价,并测量患者的主观满意度,测量数据使用SSPS22.0统计学软件分析。结果：分析纳入研究的38例患者所拍摄的CBCT图像,术后3、6、12个月两组种植义齿唇侧骨板在同名邻牙CEJ线根方测量点2mm、4mm、6mm、8mm、10mm处的厚度改变差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；术后3、6个月,两组种植义齿唇侧骨板垂直向高度改变差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在种植体行永久修复3个月、6个月时即刻种植组PES值均高于延期种植组,永久修复3个月时有统计学差异(PO.05),患者的主观满意度即刻种植组明显高于延期种植组。结论：(1)即刻种植并不能阻止拔牙创牙槽嵴的吸收,但较延期种植而言,不论是水平向还是垂直向吸收速度都要延缓。 (2)上颌前牙在行即刻种植时使用人工骨材料来维持硬组织的形态是有必要的,有利于上颌前牙位点种植体唇侧骨板水平向增量,降低软组织退缩的风险。 (3)上颌前牙即刻种植的近期临床软组织美学效果较延期种植满意,远期效果有待观察。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare and evaluate the short-term aesthetic effect of immediate implant by comparing the changes of labial bone plate and the red aesthetic index between immediate and delayed implants. Methods: from January 2011 to June 2013, 38 patients with missing maxillary anterior teeth were selected from Department of Stomatology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen City. 18 implants were implanted immediately in 18 cases and 20 implants were delayed in 20 cases. CBCT was used to measure the thickness and vertical change of labial bone plate of two groups of implants at different levels, that is, 2 mm / 4 mm ~ 6 mm ~ 8 mm ~ 10 mm of (CEJ) root side in different level, and the difference between them was also compared. The red aesthetic index (PES) was used to evaluate the soft tissue after implant restoration, and the subjective satisfaction of the patients was measured. The data were analyzed by SSPS22.0 software. Results: the CBCT images taken by 38 patients in the study were analyzed. There were significant differences in the thickness of the labial bone plate of implant denture between the two groups at the measurement point of 2mm ~ 4mm ~ 6mm ~ (6mm) and 8mm ~ 10mm at the root square of CEJ line adjacent to the same name (P0.05), 3mm, 6 months after operation, 3months after operation, 6 months after operation, and 6 months after operation. There was significant difference between the two groups in the vertical height change of labial plate of implant denture (P0.05). The PES value of the immediate implant group was higher than that of the delayed implant group at 6 months after permanent restoration for 3 months, and there was a statistical difference (PO.05) at 3 months after permanent restoration. The subjective satisfaction of the immediate implant group was significantly higher than that of the delayed implant group. Conclusion: (1) immediate implantation can not prevent alveolar ridge resorption, but it is more effective than delayed implantation. Both horizontal and vertical absorption rates are delayed. (2) it is necessary to use artificial bone materials to maintain the morphology of hard tissue when the maxillary anterior teeth are in immediate implantation. It is beneficial to the horizontal increment of labial bone plate of maxillary anterior tooth implant and reduce the risk of soft tissue retreat. (3) the short-term aesthetic effect of immediate implant of maxillary anterior tooth is better than that of delayed implant. The long-term effect remains to be observed.
【学位授予单位】：遵义医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R783.6

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