城乡12-15岁中学生口腔健康知信行调查分析
发布时间：2018-11-16 16:17
【摘要】：背景口腔健康是组成人体健康的重要成分,良好的口腔健康知识、信念及行为对于保持个人口腔健康具有重要的意义[1]。中学时期是青少年口腔健康形成的关键时期,不仅包括掌握正确的口腔健康知识,还有良好的口腔卫生行为。同时,中学生由于处于身心发育的快速发展阶段,所以预防口腔疾病发生,保持良好的口腔健康卫生习惯是不可或缺的环节,突显掌握正确口腔健康知识,形成良好的口腔健康信念和行为的重要性[2]。在过去的研究中,针对相同城市或乡镇中学生口腔知识、信念和口腔健康卫生行为的调查做了大量工作,但针对相同地区城市和乡镇中学生口腔知识、信念和口腔健康行为的差异性研究却不足。研究目的对城乡12-15岁中学生对口腔健康知识知晓率及信念和行为情况的调查,分析城乡中学生口腔健康知识知晓率及信念和行为情况的差异,为展开城乡中学生口腔教育和预防保健工作提供科学依据。方法本研究根据世界卫生组织(WHO)《口腔健康调查基本方法》[3]及参考第三次全国口腔流行病学抽样调查问卷,采用自制调查问卷。随机对城乡在校12-15岁中学生810人(城市中学生489人,乡镇中学生321人),采用整群抽样法(要求入选12-15岁中学生为当地居住达5年以上的常住人口)进行问卷调查。问卷由被调查者现场填写,立即回收。调查内容主要包括口腔健康知晓情况、口腔健康信念和口腔卫生行为。用Excel软件建立数据库录入数据,采用采用Epi Data 3.0软件对数据进行录入,然后再次重复录入,以保证数据准确性,发现错误后及时纠正或删除数据。用SPSS 17.0软件分析,计数资料进行χ2检验,P0.05具有统计学意义。结果在“吃糖会引起龋病”和“预防牙病首先要靠自己”两个问题上,城乡中学生有很高的正确率,分别为98.57%和95.33%,96.93%和94.70%,两者之间差异无统计学意义。在“细菌引起龋齿”、“口腔疾病影响全身健康”、“定期口腔检查是十分必要的”和“窝沟封闭能够保护牙齿”等4个问题上,城市中学生的正确率高于乡镇中学生,均表现为乡镇口腔知识知晓情况较低,差异均具有统计学意义。城市和乡镇每天含氟牙膏使用次数相比较,乡镇次数较低,差异有统计学意义。城市和乡镇中学生每天刷牙次数、每天牙线使用次数相比较,乡镇中学生次数较低,差异有统计学意义。结论本问卷调查结果显示城乡12-15岁中学生对口腔健康知识知晓率及信念和行为有较大差异,城乡中学生均有口腔健康知识知晓率认知不足、口腔健康信念差和口腔健康行为欠规范,应加强对中学生口腔健康知信行的指导。应根据不同的家庭状况,学校背景和地区差异,有计划、有针对性的采取不同的宣教方法,制定各有特色的教育方案供学校老师及卫生工作者参考,加强对学生的口腔健康教育,促进学生的口腔健康状况的改善。
[Abstract]:Background Oral health is an important component of human health. Good oral health knowledge, beliefs and behaviors are of great significance for personal oral health [1]. Middle school is the key period for the formation of oral health, including not only mastering correct oral health knowledge, but also good oral hygiene behavior. At the same time, because middle school students are in the stage of rapid development of body and mind, it is indispensable to prevent oral diseases and maintain good oral health habits, which highlights the importance of mastering correct oral health knowledge. Importance of developing good oral health beliefs and behaviors [2]. In past studies, a great deal of work has been done on oral knowledge, beliefs and oral health behaviors of middle school students in the same cities or towns, but on the oral knowledge of middle school students in the same cities and towns. The difference between belief and oral health behavior is not enough. Objective to investigate the awareness rate, belief and behavior of oral health knowledge among middle school students aged 12-15 years in urban and rural areas, and to analyze the differences in oral health knowledge awareness and belief and behavior between urban and rural middle school students. To provide scientific basis for oral education and preventive health care of middle school students in urban and rural areas. Methods according to the World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO) basic methods of Oral Health Survey [3] and the third National Oral Epidemiology sampling questionnaire, a self-made questionnaire was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 810 middle school students aged 12 to 15 years (489 middle school students in cities and 321 middle school students in towns) in urban and rural areas. The questionnaire was filled out by the respondents on the spot and recovered immediately. The survey included oral health awareness, oral health beliefs and oral hygiene behavior. Excel software is used to establish database input data, Epi Data 3.0 software is used to input data, and then repeated input to ensure the accuracy of the data, correct or delete the data in time after finding errors. SPSS 17.0 software analysis, count data for 蠂 2 test, P0.05 has statistical significance. Results on the two issues of "caries caused by eating sugar" and "preventing dental diseases by themselves first", middle school students in urban and rural areas had a high accuracy rate of 98.57% and 95.33% 96.93% and 94.70%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two. On the questions of "bacteria cause dental caries", "oral diseases affect the health of the whole body", "regular oral examination is very necessary" and "pit and groove sealing can protect teeth", the correct rate of urban middle school students is higher than that of township middle school students. All of them showed that the knowledge of stomatology was low, and the difference was statistically significant. The frequency of fluoride toothpaste used in cities and towns was lower than that in villages and towns, and the difference was statistically significant. The frequency of middle school students brushing teeth and flossing every day was lower than that of town middle school students, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion the results of this questionnaire survey show that there are great differences in the awareness rate, belief and behavior of oral health knowledge among middle school students aged 12-15 years in urban and rural areas, and the awareness rate of oral health knowledge in both urban and rural middle school students is insufficient. Poor oral health belief and poor oral health behavior should be strengthened to guide the oral health knowledge and behavior of middle school students. According to different family conditions, school background and regional differences, different educational methods should be adopted in a planned and targeted manner, and special educational programs should be developed for the reference of school teachers and health workers. Strengthen the oral health education to promote the improvement of oral health.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R780.1
，
本文编号：2335997
[Abstract]:Background Oral health is an important component of human health. Good oral health knowledge, beliefs and behaviors are of great significance for personal oral health [1]. Middle school is the key period for the formation of oral health, including not only mastering correct oral health knowledge, but also good oral hygiene behavior. At the same time, because middle school students are in the stage of rapid development of body and mind, it is indispensable to prevent oral diseases and maintain good oral health habits, which highlights the importance of mastering correct oral health knowledge. Importance of developing good oral health beliefs and behaviors [2]. In past studies, a great deal of work has been done on oral knowledge, beliefs and oral health behaviors of middle school students in the same cities or towns, but on the oral knowledge of middle school students in the same cities and towns. The difference between belief and oral health behavior is not enough. Objective to investigate the awareness rate, belief and behavior of oral health knowledge among middle school students aged 12-15 years in urban and rural areas, and to analyze the differences in oral health knowledge awareness and belief and behavior between urban and rural middle school students. To provide scientific basis for oral education and preventive health care of middle school students in urban and rural areas. Methods according to the World Health Organization (WHO) (WHO) basic methods of Oral Health Survey [3] and the third National Oral Epidemiology sampling questionnaire, a self-made questionnaire was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 810 middle school students aged 12 to 15 years (489 middle school students in cities and 321 middle school students in towns) in urban and rural areas. The questionnaire was filled out by the respondents on the spot and recovered immediately. The survey included oral health awareness, oral health beliefs and oral hygiene behavior. Excel software is used to establish database input data, Epi Data 3.0 software is used to input data, and then repeated input to ensure the accuracy of the data, correct or delete the data in time after finding errors. SPSS 17.0 software analysis, count data for 蠂 2 test, P0.05 has statistical significance. Results on the two issues of "caries caused by eating sugar" and "preventing dental diseases by themselves first", middle school students in urban and rural areas had a high accuracy rate of 98.57% and 95.33% 96.93% and 94.70%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two. On the questions of "bacteria cause dental caries", "oral diseases affect the health of the whole body", "regular oral examination is very necessary" and "pit and groove sealing can protect teeth", the correct rate of urban middle school students is higher than that of township middle school students. All of them showed that the knowledge of stomatology was low, and the difference was statistically significant. The frequency of fluoride toothpaste used in cities and towns was lower than that in villages and towns, and the difference was statistically significant. The frequency of middle school students brushing teeth and flossing every day was lower than that of town middle school students, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion the results of this questionnaire survey show that there are great differences in the awareness rate, belief and behavior of oral health knowledge among middle school students aged 12-15 years in urban and rural areas, and the awareness rate of oral health knowledge in both urban and rural middle school students is insufficient. Poor oral health belief and poor oral health behavior should be strengthened to guide the oral health knowledge and behavior of middle school students. According to different family conditions, school background and regional differences, different educational methods should be adopted in a planned and targeted manner, and special educational programs should be developed for the reference of school teachers and health workers. Strengthen the oral health education to promote the improvement of oral health.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R780.1
，
本文编号：2335997
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