喂养方式和口腔不良习惯对乳牙列牙合关系的影响

发布时间：2019-02-16 01:47

【摘要】：目的:调查北京地区3~6岁儿童母乳喂养和奶瓶喂养的持续时间以及口腔不良习惯与乳牙列牙合特征的关联。方法:采用横断面研究,检查北京市3所幼儿园734名儿童的牙合特征;并使用调查问卷收集儿童的喂养方式和口腔不良习惯资料。牙合特征由经标准化训练的儿童口腔科医师检查,检查内容包括:是否存在深覆牙合、开牙合、前牙反牙合、后牙反牙合、深覆盖、牙列拥挤、生理间隙、尖牙关系以及第二乳磨牙的末端平面类型。喂养方式和口腔不良习惯与牙合特征的关联用单因素分析和多因素回归分析进行统计。结果:母乳喂养持续时间未超过6个月(≤6个月)增加乳牙列后牙反牙合以及上颌牙弓无间隙的风险,增加使用安慰奶嘴习惯和咬物习惯的风险;奶瓶喂养大于18个月增加形成非近中型末端平面以及Ⅱ类尖牙关系的风险;安慰奶嘴习惯增加乳牙列深覆盖及无下颌发育间隙的风险;吮指习惯增加前牙开牙合的风险;吐舌习惯增加前牙开牙合及后牙反牙合的风险。结论:母乳喂养持续时间长于6个月可减少错牙合的风险以及形成口腔不良习惯的风险,口腔不良习惯与乳牙列错牙合的发生呈正相关。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the relationship between breast feeding and bottle feeding, oral bad habits and the characteristics of primary dentition in children aged 3 to 6 years old in Beijing. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the occlusal characteristics of 734 children in 3 kindergartens in Beijing, and the data of feeding style and oral bad habits were collected by questionnaire. The occlusal features were examined by a standardized pediatric stomatologist. The findings included: existence of deep overbite, open occlusion, anterior reverse occlusion, posterior reverse occlusion, deep overlay, overcrowded dentition, and physiological space. Canine relationships and terminal plane types of second primary molars. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the association between feeding style and oral bad habits and occlusal characteristics. Results: the duration of breast-feeding was less than 6 months (鈮，

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