牙槽嵴保存术对不同牙槽骨缺损患者延迟种植效果的影响

发布时间：2019-03-12 08:53

【摘要】：目的:探讨牙槽嵴保存术对不同牙槽嵴骨缺损患者延迟种植效果的影响。方法:94例行下颌单颗后牙拔除术患者,根据牙拔除术前牙槽嵴骨缺损量不同将患者分为轻度组(n=53)和中重度组(n=41),行拔牙术后再将轻度组和中重度组分别随机分为保存术组和对照组,保存术组对牙槽窝采取牙槽嵴保存术,对照组对牙槽窝不做处理。结果:轻度组和中重度组患者术后6个月保存术组患者宽度减少量和高度减少量均小于对照组(P0.05);轻度组和中重度组中保存术组和对照组患者术后6月时GRL较拔牙前增加,而PD和AL则较拔牙前减少;轻度组种植体直径4.1mm和4.8mm分别占26.4%和73.6%,而中重度组则分别为46.3%和53.7%,两组相比差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.029,P=0.045);轻度组种植体长度分布与中重度组相比差异具有统计学意义(χ2=21.207,P=0.000)。结论:牙槽嵴保存术可有效减少拔牙术后植骨区牙槽嵴骨量损失,有利于延迟种植操作的开展,尤其对患牙拔除前牙槽嵴骨缺损量5mm的患者,效果尤为显著。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effect of alveolar ridge preservation on delayed implant implantation in patients with different alveolar ridge defects. Methods: 94 patients with mandibular single posterior tooth extraction were divided into mild group (n = 53) and moderate and severe group (n = 41) according to the amount of alveolar bone defect before extraction. After extraction, the mild group and the moderate and severe group were randomly divided into the preservation group and the control group. The alveolar fossa in the preservation group was preserved by alveolar ridge preservation, while the alveolar fossa was not treated in the control group. Results: 6 months after operation, the width and height of the patients in the mild group and moderate and severe group were lower than those in the control group (P0.05). In the mild group and moderate and severe group, the GRL in the preservation group and the control group increased at 6 months after operation, while the PD and AL decreased as compared with those before extraction. The implant diameter of 4.1mm and 4.8mm were 26.4% and 73.6% in mild group, 46.3% and 53.7% in moderate and severe group, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (蠂 2 = 4.029, P = 0.045). The distribution of implant length in mild group was significantly higher than that in moderate and severe group (蠂 2 = 21.207, P < 0.000). Conclusion: the preservation of alveolar ridge can effectively reduce the bone loss of alveolar ridge in the bone graft area after extraction and delay the development of implant operation, especially for the patients with 5mm in the extraction of anterior alveolar ridge.
【作者单位】：武汉市江汉大学附属医院口腔科;
【分类号】：R783.6

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