关于蝙蝠携带冠状病毒以及乙脑病毒的研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 08:20

本文选题：蝙蝠　切入点：冠状病毒　出处：《河北师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 蝙蝠能够携带多种病毒,病毒种类包括了疱疹病毒科(Herpesviridae),副粘病毒科(Paramyxoviridae)、弹状病毒科(Rhabdoviridae)、黄病毒科(Flavaviridae)、布尼亚病毒科(Bunyaviridae)和披膜病毒科(Togaviridae)等至少10多个病毒科。许多与蝙蝠传播有关的病毒都是新生的传染性极强的病毒。本研究分两部分:第一,关于蝙蝠携带冠状病毒与宿主进化关系的研究;第二,蝙蝠携带乙型脑炎病毒做流行病调查。第一部分研究结果证实,冠状病毒与宿主之间有很强的依赖性,二者之间的关系包括协同进化以及宿主转移两种。本研究根据冠状病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)和蝙蝠线粒体细胞色素b(Cyt b)的基因序列数据,分析了蝙蝠冠状病毒与宿主的进化关系。系统进化分析表明菊头蝠和及其携带的冠状病毒,在种系发生上有多种关联,这提示该组研究对象在近期进化史上曾发生宿主转移。这些转移可能是由于病毒生物学特征或宿主行为特征造成的。该结果提示爆发SARS和将出现的SARS冠状病毒或相关病毒之间有联系。另一部分研究证实了蝙蝠能够作为载体携带乙型脑炎病毒。本研究通过ELISA方法检测蝙蝠血清中的乙脑抗体,并且辅助以中和抗体实验进一步验证ELISA的准确性,得出蝙蝠能够携带乙脑病毒的事实。遗憾的是,即使使用Real-Time PCR也未在蝙蝠组织中并未找到乙脑病毒序列,因此不能确定蝙蝠在乙脑病毒的流行中所起的作用。从有限的研究数据可推测蝙蝠在乙脑病毒过冬中可能起到了病毒保存的作用。本文做出以下两个假设:蝙蝠作为自然宿主,使得乙脑病毒传递到新的宿主如蚊子等;蝙蝠作为中间宿主,在乙脑的传播中起到暂时存储病毒的作用。
[Abstract]:Bats can carry a variety of viruses, The viruses include Herpesviridaeae, Paramyxoviridaeae, Rhabdoviridaeae, Flavaviridaeae, Bunyaviridaeae, Bunyaviridaeae and Togaviridaeae. Many of the viruses related to bat transmission are new. A highly contagious virus. This study is divided into two parts: first, the relationship between bats carrying coronavirus and host evolution; second, bats carrying Japanese encephalitis virus to do epidemiological investigation. The results of the first part of the study confirm that there is a strong dependence between coronavirus and host. The relationship between them includes coevolution and host transfer. This study was based on the sequence data of RNA polymerase RdRpand mitochondrial cytochrome b(Cyt b of coronavirus. The phylogenetic analysis of bat coronavirus and the coronavirus carried by Rhinolophus davidii showed that there were many phylogenetic associations between the bat coronavirus and its host. These results suggest that host metastases occurred in the recent history of evolution. These transfers may be due to the biological characteristics of the virus or the behavior of the host. The results suggest that the outbreak of SARS and the forthcoming SARS coronavirus or. There is a link between the associated viruses. Another part of the study confirmed that bats can carry Japanese encephalitis virus as a carrier. In this study, ELISA method was used to detect Japanese encephalitis antibody in bat serum, and the accuracy of ELISA was further verified by neutralizing antibody experiment. The fact that bats can carry je virus. Unfortunately, even with Real-Time PCR, there is no sequence of je virus in bat tissues. Therefore, the role of bats in the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis virus can not be determined. From the limited research data, it can be inferred that bats may play a role in virus preservation during the winter of je virus. Two hypotheses are made in this paper: bats are natural hosts. So that Japanese encephalitis virus is transmitted to new hosts such as mosquitoes, and bats act as intermediate hosts in the transmission of Japanese encephalitis and act as temporary storage of the virus.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R181.3

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