基于最大熵模型和遥感的两种钉螺孳生地提取方法的比较

发布时间：2018-04-30 22:17

本文选题：湖北钉螺 + 鄱阳湖　；参考：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2017年01期

【摘要】：目的探索最大熵模型在提取钉螺孳生地方面的应用。方法根据鄱阳湖地区采集的钉螺孳生地数据和相关环境因素构建最大熵生态位模型并生成鄱阳湖地区钉螺孳生地分布图;利用鄱阳湖地区丰水期和枯水期的Landsat7 ETM+遥感图像,根据改进的归一化水体指数及归一化植被指数的相关阈值提取钉螺孳生地;通过受试者工作特征曲线、灵敏度和特异度指标对两种方法的提取结果进行评价和比较,并应用刀切法对影响钉螺孳生因素的重要性进行分析。结果遥感方法的受试者工作特征曲线下面积值仅为0.56,灵敏度为0.23,特异度为0.89,而最大信息熵生态位模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积值为0.88,所提取钉螺孳生地分布图的灵敏度为0.89,特异度为0.74。鄱阳湖地区钉螺孳生地主要集中分布在永修县东北部、余干县西北部,鄱阳县西南部以及新建县中部,而影响钉螺孳生的最主要环境因子是高程,其次是陆地表面温度。结论基于最大熵模型的钉螺孳生地提取方法较基于遥感技术的提取方法更为准确可靠,对于相关部门有针对性地选择钉螺孳生重点区域开展防治措施有一定指导意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the application of maximum entropy model in the extraction of Oncomelania hupensis breeding ground. Methods based on the data of snail breeding area collected in Poyang Lake area and related environmental factors, the maximum entropy niche model was constructed and the distribution map of snail breeding ground in Poyang Lake area was generated, and the Landsat7 ETM remote sensing images of the snail breeding area in Poyang Lake region during the periods of high water and low water were used. According to the improved normalized water body index and normalized vegetation index, the snail breeding area was extracted, and the extraction results of the two methods were evaluated and compared by the operating characteristic curve, sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. The importance of factors affecting the breeding of Oncomelania hupensis was analyzed by knife cutting method. Results the area value under the operating characteristic curve was only 0.56, the sensitivity was 0.23, the specificity was 0.89, and the area value under the maximum information entropy niche model was 0.88. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.89 and 0.74 respectively. Oncomelania hupensis breeding areas in Poyang Lake area are mainly distributed in northeast Yongxiu County, northwest Yugan County, southwest Poyang County and central Xinjian County. The most important environmental factor affecting Oncomelania hupensis breeding is elevation, followed by land surface temperature. Conclusion the extraction method of snail breeding area based on maximum entropy model is more accurate and reliable than that based on remote sensing technology, which has certain guiding significance for relevant departments to select the key area of snail breeding and control.
【作者单位】：复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学与生物统计教研室复旦大学公共卫生学院公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室健康风险预警治理协同创新中心复旦大学公共卫生学院空间分析与建模实验室;江西师范大学地理与环境学院鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：上海市卫生系统优秀青年人才培养计划(新优青计划)(XYQ2013071) 鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室(江西师范大学)开放基金(PK2014001)
【分类号】：R532.21;R184.3

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