氯烟复配物及氯代水杨胺灭螺效果及氯代水杨胺杀螺机理的研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 00:37

  本文选题：日本血吸虫 + 钉螺　； 参考：《武汉大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：基于现存的商品灭螺药氯硝柳胺和烟酰苯胺在现场灭螺中各有优劣,为了探索将氯硝柳胺和烟酰苯胺进行复配以达到增效的灭螺作用,本文将不同厂家生产的氯硝柳胺和烟酰苯胺进行复配形成氯烟复合物(以下简称氯烟复合物),研究其灭螺效果,结果表明3个厂家氯硝柳胺和烟酰苯胺进行复配形成氯烟复合物的灭螺效果一致。在此基础上,为了进一步提高氯烟复合物的科技含量,将烟酰苯胺和氯硝柳胺的化学结构进行解构和重组,得到绛红色粉末,灭螺效果非常好,但是液质谱图证明二者的结构重组物只占1%。进一步研究提示只需将氯硝柳胺活化即可得到理想的绛红色粉末化合物,并由此得到的氯硝柳胺新型衍生物——氯代水杨胺。通过对氯代水杨胺的初步研究结果显示,其灭螺效果和用量与氯烟复合物基本一致。氯代水杨胺对钉螺组织酶的影响与氯硝柳胺相比也无明显差异。目前,对氯代水杨胺灭螺产品的开发和应用研究已列入国家高技术研究发展计划(以下简称863计划)。本文是该研究的前期和部分工作的研究结果。氯代水杨胺灭螺产品的开发和应用研究将为缓解我国灭螺药物紧缺、使用单一昂贵灭螺药的现状发挥重要作用。 1.不同厂家氯硝柳胺与烟酰苯胺复配灭螺效果 将淮南、吴江和四川3个厂家生产的氯硝柳胺分别与湖北三利公司生产的烟酰苯胺按1∶1的比例进行复配形成氯烟复合物,在室温23～25℃条件下,进行室内浸杀和喷洒灭螺实验。采用0.2mg/L氯烟复合物室内浸泡48h,淮南、吴江和四川3个组的钉螺死亡率分别为93.3%、94.7%和95.4%。采用0.4g/m~2氯烟复合物室内喷洒48h,淮南、吴江和四川3个组的钉螺死亡率分别为97%、96%和96%。由此表明,3个厂家生产的氯硝柳胺与湖北三利公司生产的烟酰苯胺复配形成的3组氯烟复合物,在浸杀和喷洒灭螺的效果上是一致的。钉螺接触氯烟复合物的上爬率比烟酰苯胺下降71.9%,两组钉螺上爬率差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。对鱼的急性毒性,氯烟复合物比氯硝柳胺下降50%左右。
[Abstract]:Based on the advantages and disadvantages of niclosamide and nicotinyl aniline in the field molluscicide, in order to explore the combination of niclosamide and nicotinyl aniline to achieve the synergistic effect of snail killing, In this paper, niclosamide and nicotinyl aniline produced by different manufacturers were mixed to form chlorine smoke complex (hereinafter referred to as chlorine smoke complex), and the effect of molluscicidal effect was studied. The results showed that the molluscicidal effect of niclosamide and nicotinyl aniline was the same. On this basis, in order to further improve the scientific and technological content of chloride smoke complex, the chemical structures of nicotinyl aniline and niclosamide were deconstructed and recombined, and the crimson powder was obtained, and the effect of snail control was very good. But the liquid mass spectrogram showed that the structural recombination of the two was only 1%. It is suggested that the ideal crimson powder compound can be obtained by activating niclosamide, and a new derivative of niclosamide, chlorsalicylamine, can be obtained. The results of preliminary study on chlorosalicylamine showed that the efficacy and dosage of chlorosalicylamine were basically the same as those of chlorinated smoke complex. The effect of chlorosalicylamine on the tissue enzyme of Oncomelania hupensis was not significantly different from that of niclosamide. At present, the development and application of chlorosalicylamine for snail control products have been listed in the National High Technology Research and Development Plan (hereinafter referred to as 863 Program). This paper is the preliminary and partial research results of this study. The development and application of chlorosalicylamine molluscicides will play an important role in alleviating the shortage of snail killing drugs and in using single expensive snail killing drugs in China. 1. Different manufacturers of niclosamide and nicotinyl aniline combined with the effect of snail control will Huainan, Niclosamide produced by Wu Jiang and three Sichuan manufacturers were mixed with nicotinyl aniline produced by Hubei Sanli Company at 1:1 to form chlorine smoke complex. Indoor soaking and spraying snail killing experiments were carried out at room temperature 2325 鈩，

本文编号：2007414