儿科抗生素使用及其致病菌的流行病学调查和铜绿假单胞菌耐药机制的初步探讨
发布时间：2018-08-20 07:29
【摘要】： 抗生素的发现是20世纪最辉煌的医药成果,引起人类疾病的主要病原体如细菌、病毒、真菌和分支杆菌对抗生素产生耐药性是21世纪全球公共卫生面临的最严重的威胁之一。海南省是我国南部的热带季风气候、同时深受海洋影响高温多雨的沿海地区,和我们东北的温带大陆季风气候不同,菌种类别和菌群分布也有它的特殊性。 海南省人民医院是海南省最大的综合性医院,抗生素使用量大,而且大多数新药又是首先被使用,故该院细菌的耐药问题具有一定的代表性。为此于2004年1月至2005年12月对该院临床科室儿科住院部和门诊抗生素使用以及致病菌分布情况和主要致病菌的耐药性进行了两年的调查,并利用改良三维试验、质粒PCR基因型鉴定试验和质粒消除试验对主要致病菌的耐药机制予以初步探讨。为海南省人民医院感染细菌的流行病学及分子流行病学研究提供第一手资料。 本研究工作主要包括以下几个方面:海南省人民医院儿科抗生素使用情况调查;儿科致病菌分布情况的调查;儿科主要致病菌耐药性的调查;主要致病菌产β内酰胺酶的检测;铜绿假单胞菌耐药性R质粒基因型鉴定;铜绿假单胞菌R质粒消除实验。
[Abstract]:The discovery of antibiotics is one of the most brilliant medical achievements in the 20th century. Antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mycobacteria is one of the most serious threats to global public health in the 21st century. Hainan Province is the tropical monsoon climate in the south of China and the coastal area which is heavily influenced by the ocean. It is different from the continental monsoon climate in the temperate zone of northeast China. The distribution of bacteria species and flora also has its particularity. Hainan Provincial people's Hospital is the largest general hospital in Hainan Province. The use of antibiotics is large, and most new drugs are first used, so the drug resistance of bacteria in this hospital is representative. From January 2004 to December 2005, a two-year investigation was carried out on the use of antibiotics, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of major pathogens in the inpatient and outpatient departments of paediatrics in the clinical department of the Academy, and an improved three-dimensional test was used. The mechanism of drug resistance of major pathogenic bacteria was preliminarily investigated by plasmid PCR genotype identification test and plasmid elimination test. To provide first-hand data for epidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies of nosocomial infections in Hainan Province. The research work mainly includes the following aspects: investigation on the use of pediatric antibiotics in Hainan Provincial people's Hospital; investigation on the distribution of paediatric pathogenic bacteria; investigation on drug resistance of major paediatric pathogens; detection of 尾 -lactamases produced by major pathogenic bacteria; Identification of R plasmid genotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and elimination of R plasmid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R72;R181.3
本文编号：2192873
[Abstract]:The discovery of antibiotics is one of the most brilliant medical achievements in the 20th century. Antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mycobacteria is one of the most serious threats to global public health in the 21st century. Hainan Province is the tropical monsoon climate in the south of China and the coastal area which is heavily influenced by the ocean. It is different from the continental monsoon climate in the temperate zone of northeast China. The distribution of bacteria species and flora also has its particularity. Hainan Provincial people's Hospital is the largest general hospital in Hainan Province. The use of antibiotics is large, and most new drugs are first used, so the drug resistance of bacteria in this hospital is representative. From January 2004 to December 2005, a two-year investigation was carried out on the use of antibiotics, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of major pathogens in the inpatient and outpatient departments of paediatrics in the clinical department of the Academy, and an improved three-dimensional test was used. The mechanism of drug resistance of major pathogenic bacteria was preliminarily investigated by plasmid PCR genotype identification test and plasmid elimination test. To provide first-hand data for epidemiological and molecular epidemiological studies of nosocomial infections in Hainan Province. The research work mainly includes the following aspects: investigation on the use of pediatric antibiotics in Hainan Provincial people's Hospital; investigation on the distribution of paediatric pathogenic bacteria; investigation on drug resistance of major paediatric pathogens; detection of 尾 -lactamases produced by major pathogenic bacteria; Identification of R plasmid genotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and elimination of R plasmid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：R72;R181.3
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 孙阳;;儿科门诊用药咨询情况的分析[J];中国医药指南;2012年25期
，本文编号：2192873
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