血液科患者医院感染护理管理探讨

发布时间：2019-03-24 14:00

【摘要】：目的分析血液科患者医院感染的相关因素,并针对感染危险因素提出相应的护理措施。方法回顾性分析医院血液科2011年2月-2013年2月收治的血液科患者临床资料482例,统计分析入选患者感染情况及其感染相关因素;根据患者感染情况分为感染组和非感染组,进行对比分析;研究数据使用统计软件SPSS 13.0进行分析。结果 482例患者发生医院感染共106例,感染率21.99%;呼吸道感染52例、口腔感染11例、肛周感染19例、肠道感染12例、血液感染6例和泌尿道感染6例,分别占49.06%、10.38%、17.92%、11.32%、5.66%和5.66%;共分离鉴定102株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌20株、革兰阴性菌71株、真菌11株,分别占19.61%、69.61%、10.78%;感染患者的年龄、侵入性操作、化疗次数、住院时间和预防应用抗菌药物等与非感染患者差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论感染危险因素有患者的年龄、侵入性操作、化疗次数、住院时间和预防应用抗菌药物等;针对感染危险因素,积极开展感染防治护理措施,可降低或避免医院感染发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the related factors of nosocomial infection in patients in hematology department and to put forward corresponding nursing measures for the risk factors of infection. Methods the clinical data of 482 patients admitted to the Department of Hematology from Feb. 2011 to Feb 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The infection status and related factors of the selected patients were analyzed statistically. According to the infection, the patients were divided into infection group and non-infection group, and the data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 13.0. Results there were 106 cases of nosocomial infection in 482 cases, the infection rate was 21.99%. There were 52 cases of respiratory tract infection, 11 cases of oral infection, 19 cases of perianal infection, 12 cases of intestinal infection, 6 cases of blood infection and 6 cases of urinary tract infection, accounting for 49.06%, 10.38%, 17.92%, 11.32%, 5.66% and 5.66% respectively. 102 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified, including 20 Gram-positive bacteria, 71 Gram-negative bacteria and 11 fungi, accounting for 19.61%, 69.61% and 10.78%, respectively. There were significant differences in age, invasive operation, times of chemotherapy, hospitalization time and prophylactic use of antibiotics between the infected patients and the non-infected patients (P0.01). Conclusion the risk factors of infection include patient's age, invasive operation, times of chemotherapy, length of stay in hospital and prophylactic use of antibiotics, etc. Aiming at the risk factors of infection, actively carrying out infection prevention and nursing measures can reduce or avoid the occurrence of nosocomial infection.
【作者单位】：杭州市第一人民医院血液科;
【基金】：浙江省卫生厅基金资助项目(2011KYA159)
【分类号】：R181.32

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