717名围绝经期妇女骨量丢失情况的流行病学调查

发布时间：2018-03-01 21:02

本文关键词： 围绝经期骨量减少骨质疏松绝经后生育情况流行病学　出处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查深圳市宝安区717名社区围绝经期妇女的骨密度及一般情况,探讨本地区围绝经期妇女骨量丢失情况的流行病学情况。方法以2016年5月-10月在深圳市宝安区沙井人民医院下辖社康中心的40~60岁妇女为研究对象,将其中40~45岁、45~55岁、55~60岁中符合围绝经期诊断标准者的762例纳入此次研究,共回收问卷717份,有效回收率94.09%。采用MQD-7000超声波骨密度分析仪,检测受试者非受力侧前臂尺桡骨中远端1/3处骨密度,建立信息采集表,记录骨密度;一般人口学特征包括身高、体重、体重指数、怀孕次数、生产次数和流产次数等;以及日常行为习惯调查包括是否饮用咖啡、牛奶、浓茶,是否吸烟、饮酒,以及近5年是否经常锻炼等。最终将45~55岁之间,以及40~45岁、55~60岁中符合围绝经期诊断标准者纳入讨论,将检测结果以每5岁为一年龄段分组,分析每组骨密度T值与骨质疏松症患病率及相关影响因素。结果在围绝经期妇女中有疼痛情况者极为普遍,有1个部位以上疼痛症状的妇女有456名,占63.6%,疼痛性质主要为酸痛,占56.21%。骨量损失情况及骨量减少发生率均随年龄的增加而加重,而饮用牛奶的人骨量损失情况小于不饮用牛奶的人(P0.05),这与有关文献报道基本一致。咖啡、浓茶、吸烟、饮酒骨量损失差异无统计学意义(P0.05),考虑与本次研究对象为女性,有这些生活饮食嗜好的人总体数量较小有关;近5年经常锻炼的人整体比较较小,仅占12.55%,在此次调查中显示对骨量减少影响较小。女性BMI越高,骨量减少的发生率不一定增高,经秩和检验(bonferroni校正)差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。本研究还发现,怀孕和生产次数的增多均会增加骨量减少发生率,呈正相关。结论处于围绝经期妇女伴有疼痛症状的比例为63.6%,骨量减少发生率随着增龄而增加,主要危险因素为增龄、怀孕和生产次数,饮用牛奶是可能保护性因素。应对围绝经期妇女和基层医务人员加强宣教,控制可能导致骨量减少的不良因素,预防和延缓绝经后骨质疏松症的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) and its general situation of 717 community menopausal women in Baoan District of Shenzhen City. To investigate the epidemiology of bone mass loss among perimenopausal women in this area. Methods from May 2016 to October, 400-year-old women who were under the jurisdiction of the Social Health Center in Shajing people's Hospital, Baoan District, Shenzhen City, were selected as the study objects. In this study, 762 cases who met the criteria of perimenopausal diagnosis were included in the study. A total of 717 questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 94.09. MQD-7000 ultrasonic bone mineral density analyzer was used. The bone mineral density (BMD) of 1/3 distal ulnar and radial bones of the unstressed forearm was measured to establish an information collection table to record the BMD, and the general demographic characteristics included height, weight, body mass index, number of pregnancies, number of births and times of miscarriage, etc. The daily behavior habits survey included whether coffee, milk, strong tea, smoking, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise in the past five years were used. Finally, people between the ages of 45 and 55 and those who met the criteria for the diagnosis of menopause at the age of 4045 or 55 or 60 were included in the discussion. The results were divided into five years old and one age group. The T value of bone mineral density (BMD), the prevalence rate of osteoporosis and the related factors were analyzed in each group. Results pain was very common in peri-menopausal women. There were 456 women (63.6%) with more than one part of the pain symptoms. The nature of the pain was mainly pain, accounting for 56.21.The loss of bone mass and the incidence of bone loss increased with the increase of age. However, the loss of bone mass in milk drinkers was lower than that in people who did not drink milk, which was basically consistent with the related literature. There was no significant difference in bone loss between coffee, strong tea, smoking and drinking, and there was no significant difference in bone loss between those who drank milk and those who did not drink milk. Women were considered to be the subjects of this study. The overall number of people with these eating habits is smaller; those who exercise regularly in the last five years are generally smaller, accounting for only 12.55. In the survey, it was found that the lower the BMI, the less likely the incidence of bone loss was. There was no significant difference by rank sum test with bonferroni correction (P 0.05). This study also found that the increase of pregnancy and number of births increased the incidence of bone loss. Conclusion the incidence of bone loss increases with age, and the main risk factors are aging, pregnancy and birth times. Drinking milk is the possible protective factor. In order to prevent and delay the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we should strengthen the propaganda and education of the women and the primary medical staff, control the bad factors that may lead to the decrease of bone mass, and prevent and delay the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
【作者单位】：深圳市宝安区沙井人民医院;深圳市宝安区中医院;
【基金】：2013年广东省自然科学基金(s2013010012989) 2012年深圳市科技计划项目(医疗卫生类)重点项目(201201019)
【分类号】：R580

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