吉林省城乡居民甲状腺功能异常流行病学特征

发布时间：2018-04-08 15:46

本文选题：甲状腺功能异常　切入点：患病率　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:通过对吉林省城乡居民进行流行病学调查,了解吉林省城乡居民甲状腺功能异常患病率及其危险因素。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取吉林省18岁以上常住城乡居民进行横断面研究。最终有2232人纳入本研究,其中城市居民1148人,占51.4%,农村居民1084人,占48.6%。对调查对象进行问卷调查、体格检查、实验室生化指标检查。原始数据由两人分别应用Epidata软件录入,第三人负责核对、导出数据。最终数据应用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:1、将调查对象按照城乡进行分组,城市组甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)、亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症(简称亚临床甲亢)、甲状腺功能减退症(简称甲减)、亚临床甲状腺功能减退症(简称亚临床甲减)的粗患病率分别为0.78%、0.78%、1.30%、10.62%,年龄标化患病率分别为0.72%、0.77%、1.58%、10.52%;农村组甲亢、亚临床甲亢、甲减、亚临床甲减的粗患病率分别为1.01%、0.37%、2.21%、9.59%,年龄标化患病率分别为0.95%、0.34%、1.99%、9.53%,四种甲状腺功能异常的患病率城乡之间差异无统计学意义。2、分别对城乡甲减、亚临床甲减患病率进行单因素分析,在城市组,女性甲减的患病率高于男性,且不同年龄段甲减的患病率不同,不同尿碘水平及不同吸烟量人群中亚临床甲减的患病率不同,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);在农村组,女性甲减及亚临床甲减的患病率均高于男性,且不同吸烟量对人群中亚临床甲减的患病率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。3、分别对城乡甲减、亚临床甲减的患病率进行多因素分析,在城市组,女性、高龄是甲减发生的危险因素,尿碘300μg/L是亚临床甲减发生的危险因素;在农村组,仅发现女性是亚临床甲减发生的危险因素。4、不论是学龄前儿童还是成年人,城市人群尿碘水平均显著高于农村相应人群(P0.01),同时研究还发现城市组亚临床甲减患者的尿碘水平高于甲状腺功能正常居民(P0.05);农村组亚临床甲亢患者的尿碘水高于甲状腺功能正常居民(P0.05)。结论:1、城乡居民甲亢、亚临床甲亢、甲减、亚临床甲减的整体患病率没有显著统计学差异,上述四种甲状腺疾病中亚临床甲减在城乡的患病率均较高。2、女性和高龄是城市居民甲减发生的危险因素,碘过量(尿碘水平300μg/L)是城市居民亚临床甲减发生的危险因素,女性是农村居民亚临床甲减发生的危险因素。3、城市居民碘营养状态为超足量,农村居民为碘充足,碘摄入过多与亚临床甲减、亚临床甲亢的发生具有相关性。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of thyroid dysfunction among urban and rural residents in Jilin province.Methods: stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select urban and rural residents over 18 years old in Jilin province for cross-sectional study.Finally, 2232 people were included in the study, including 1148 urban residents (51.4%) and 1084 rural residents (48.6%).Questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory biochemical index examination were carried out.The original data were recorded by two people using Epidata software, and the third person was responsible for checking and exporting the data.The final data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.The survey subjects were grouped according to urban and rural areas.Urban hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism) the crude prevalence rates were 0.78 and 0.78 respectively, and the age-standardized prevalence rates were 0.72 and 0.771.58, respectively; in the rural group, the rate of hyperthyroidism was 10.52.The crude prevalence rates of subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were 1.01 and 0.37, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence rates were 0.950.34 and 1.999.53, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction between urban and rural areas.The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was analyzed by univariate analysis. In urban group, the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in women was higher than that in men, and the prevalence rate of hypothyroidism was different in different age groups.The prevalence rates of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in rural women were higher than those in males.The prevalence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was analyzed by multivariate analysis. In the urban group, female, senior age was the risk factor of hypothyroidism, urinary iodine 300 渭 g / L was the risk factor of subclinical hypothyroidism.Only women were found to be risk factors for subclinical hypothyroidism.The level of urinary iodine in urban population was significantly higher than that in rural population, and the urinary iodine level in subclinical hypothyroidism patients in urban group was higher than that in normal thyroid population, and the urinary iodine level in subclinical hyperthyroidism patients in rural group was higher than that in subclinical hyperthyroidism group.Patients with normal thyroid function (P0.05).Conclusion the overall prevalence of hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in urban and rural residents has no statistical difference.The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in urban and rural areas was higher than that in urban and rural areas. The prevalence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was higher in both urban and rural areas. Female and old age were risk factors of hypothyroidism, and iodine excess (urinary iodine level 300 渭 g / L) was the risk factor of subclinical hypothyroidism in urban residents.Female is the risk factor of subclinical hypothyroidism in rural residents. The nutritional status of iodine in urban residents is overdose, and iodine is sufficient in rural residents. The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated with excessive iodine intake.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R581

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